Wisconsin Code § 196.497

State policy regarding the long-term disposal of high-level radioactive waste and transuranic waste
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(1) DEFINITIONS. As used in this section unless the
context requires otherwise:
(b) “Federal department of energy” means the federal department of energy or any successor agency assigned responsibility
for the long-term disposal of high-level radioactive waste and
transuranic waste.
(c) “High-level radioactive waste” means:
1. Fuel that is withdrawn from a nuclear reactor after irradiation and which is packaged and prepared for disposal; or
2. Highly radioactive waste resulting from reprocessing irradiated nuclear fuel including both the liquid waste which is produced directly in reprocessing and any solid material into which
the liquid waste is transformed.
(d) “Transuranic waste” means waste material containing al-

pha-emitting radioactive elements having an atomic number
greater than 92 in concentrations greater than 10 nanocuries per
gram.
(2) COORDINATION. (a) Initial agency to be contacted. The
commission shall serve as the initial agency in this state to be
contacted by the federal department of energy or any other federal agency on any matter related to the long-term disposal of
high-level radioactive waste or transuranic waste.
(b) Receipt of information. The commission shall serve as the
initial agency in this state to receive any report, study, document,
information or notification of proposed plans from the federal department of energy or any other federal agency on any matter related to the long-term disposal of high-level radioactive waste or
transuranic waste. Notification of proposed plans include notification of proposals to conduct field work, on-site evaluation, onsite testing or similar activities.
(c) Dissemination of information. The commission shall disseminate or arrange with the federal department of energy or
other federal agency to disseminate information received under
par. (b) to appropriate state agencies, local units of government,
regional planning commissions, American Indian tribal governing bodies, the general public, interested citizen groups and persons who have requested in writing to receive this information.
(d) Response. The commission shall respond to contacts under par. (a) and information received under par. (b) if a response
is appropriate. The commission shall consult with appropriate
state agencies, local units of government, regional planning commissions, American Indian tribal governing bodies, the general
public and interested citizen groups in preparing this response.
(3) ADVOCATE. The commission shall serve as an advocate
on behalf of the citizens of this state before the federal department of energy and other federal agencies on matters related to
the long-term disposal of radioactive waste and transuranic waste.
(5) REVIEW OF APPLICATIONS FOR FEDERAL FUNDS. The
commission shall review any application to the federal department of energy or other federal agency by a state agency, local
unit of government or regional planning commission for funds for
any program related to the long-term disposal of high-level radioactive waste or transuranic waste. If the commission finds that
the application is not consistent with the commission’s policy related to the long-term disposal of high-level radioactive waste or
transuranic waste or that the application is not in the best interest
of the state, the commission shall forward its findings to the governor, the joint committee on finance and the federal agency to
which the application for funds is being made. If the commission
finds that the application of a state agency is not consistent with
the commission’s policy related to the long-term disposal of highlevel radioactive waste or transuranic waste or that the application
of a state agency is not in the best interest of the state, the findings
forwarded to the governor shall include a recommendation that
the governor act under s. 16.54 (1) and stipulate conditions for the
acceptance of the funds which are necessary to safeguard the interests of the state.
(6) MONITOR FEDERAL ACTIVITY. The commission shall
monitor activity in congress and the federal government related to
the long-term disposal of high-level radioactive waste and
transuranic waste. The commission may advise the congressional delegation from this state of action which is needed to protect the interests of the state.
(7) REQUEST ATTORNEY GENERAL TO INTERVENE. If appropriate the commission shall request the attorney general to intervene in federal proceedings to protect the state’s interests and
present the state’s point of view on matters related to the longterm disposal of high-level radioactive waste or transuranic
waste.
(8) NEGOTIATION OF AGREEMENTS. (a) Negotiations with the
federal department of energy. The commission shall serve as the
agency in this state to negotiate written agreements and modifications to these agreements, with the federal department of energy
on any matter related to the long-term disposal of high-level radioactive waste or transuranic waste.
(b) Negotiations with other federal agencies. The commission shall serve as the agency in this state to negotiate written
agreements and modifications to these agreements, with any federal agency other than the federal department of energy on any
matter related to the long-term disposal of high-level radioactive
waste or transuranic waste.
(d) Hearings. The commission shall conduct public hearings
on any proposed agreement or modification to an agreement negotiated under par. (a) or (b). The commission shall provide 30
days’ notice of the date and location of hearings conducted under
this paragraph. The commission shall prepare a written summary of testimony presented at hearings conducted under this
paragraph and shall consider the need for modifications to the negotiated agreement as a result of the hearings.
(f) Approval of agreements and modifications by the legislature and governor. No agreement or modification to an agreement negotiated under par. (a) or (b) may take effect unless it is
approved under sub. (10).
(g) Technical revisions. The commission may negotiate what
in the commission’s judgment are technical revisions to any
agreement approved under sub. (10).
(i) Review of technical revisions by the legislature and governor. No technical revision to an agreement negotiated under par.
(g) may take effect unless it is considered approved under sub.
(11).
(9) AGREEMENTS WITH THE FEDERAL DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY. (a) Separate agreements. The commission may negotiate
separate agreements with the federal department of energy concerning different stages of the process of evaluating and selecting
a site for the long-term disposal of high-level radioactive waste or
transuranic waste. The commission shall negotiate a separate
agreement with the federal department of energy for the final
stages of the selection of any site for the long-term disposal of
high-level radioactive waste or transuranic waste.
(b) Contents. Any agreement negotiated by the commission
with the federal department of energy under sub. (8) (a) shall include all of the following:
1. A general description of the roles of the state and the federal department of energy.
2. A compliance schedule which includes a list of significant
events and stages which are expected to be reached as the federal
department of energy assesses the suitability of the state for the
long-term disposal of high-level radioactive waste or transuranic
waste and a description of the actions to be taken by the federal
department of energy and the state at each event and stage.
3. The criteria that the department of energy shall use in
evaluating the suitability of any site in the state for the long-term
disposal of high-level radioactive waste or transuranic waste.
4. A requirement that the federal department of energy shall
comply with all federal laws, American Indian laws, state laws
and local ordinances and shall respect state sovereignty consistent
with the 10th amendment to the U.S. constitution and the U.S.
constitution, regardless of the ownership of the land on which the
activity takes place.
5. A requirement that the federal department of energy and
any of its contractors or subcontractors shall provide the commission with all reports and documents the commission requests and
any other relevant reports and documents in a timely manner and
in accordance with any applicable law, regulation or rule. The re-

quirement shall specify that the federal department of energy
may not charge a fee for searching for or for supplying reports and
documents requested by the commission. The requirement shall
specify that the federal department of energy shall provide the
commission with all reports and documents the commission requests and any other relevant reports and documents from contractors and subcontractors after the reports and documents are
submitted to the federal department of energy regardless of
whether the reports and documents have received the department
of energy’s final approval.
6. A requirement that, upon request by the commission, the
federal department of energy shall provide the data, methods and
underlying assumptions used in the preparation of reports and
documents in accordance with any applicable law, regulation or
rule.
7. A requirement that the federal department of energy shall
notify the commission of any grants related to the long-term disposal of high-level radioactive waste and transuranic waste from
the federal department of energy to any person in this state.
8. A requirement that the federal department of energy shall
notify the commission in a timely manner of any proposed field
work, on-site evaluation, on-site testing or similar activities it or
any contractor or subcontractor intends to conduct and a requirement that the federal department of energy shall allow the commission to monitor these activities by designating a reasonable
number of persons to observe the activities or by any other appropriate means.
9. A requirement that the federal department of energy shall
provide the commission in a timely manner with a copy of any requests for proposals and final contracts issued by the federal department of energy relating to the evaluation, selection or construction of a site for the long-term disposal of high-level radioactive waste or transuranic waste in this state.
10. A provision that the federal department of energy shall
agree to provide funds to be used to review the activities of the
federal department of energy and its contractors and subcontractors which relate to assessing the suitability of the state for the
long-term disposal of high-level radioactive waste or transuranic
waste.
11. A process for resolving disputes between the commission
and the federal department of energy including disputes concerning alleged violations of the written agreement and disputes concerning technical assessments made by the federal department of
energy. The process for resolving disputes concerning technical
assessments made by the federal department of energy may involve a process of scientific review and mediation.
12. A requirement that if the federal department of energy
selects a site in the state for construction of a repository for the
long-term disposal of high-level radioactive waste or transuranic
waste, the federal department of energy shall prepare, prior to
submission of an application to license or construct the repository, a repository plan which shall include descriptions of the federal department of energy’s plans for construction of the repository, transportation of wastes to the repository, operation of the
repository, closing of the repository and monitoring the repository after closure.
(c) Objection to site selection. Any agreement negotiated by
the commission with the federal department of energy under sub.
(8) (a) shall include a list of reasons for which the commission
may object to the selection of a site within this state for the longterm disposal of high-level radioactive waste and transuranic
waste. These reasons shall include the following:
1. The site or the transportation of waste to the site poses a
danger to public health and safety or to the environment.
2. The federal department of energy fails to address to the
satisfaction of the commission the potential socioeconomic effects of the site or of the transportation of waste to the site.
3. The federal department of energy violates any written
agreement or revision approved under sub. (10) or (11).
4. If, in the judgment of the commission, the federal department of energy fails to comply with criteria, regulations or standards of other federal agencies concerning the long-term disposal
of high-level radioactive waste or transuranic waste including criteria which excludes a proposed site from consideration because
of previous mining or drilling of any type within the area which
could be affected by the construction of the site or by the heat resulting from the disposal of high-level radioactive waste or
transuranic waste at the site.
5. If, in the judgment of the commission, the federal department of energy fails to use generally accepted scientific and technical practices in evaluating the suitability of a site for the longterm disposal of high-level radioactive waste or transuranic
waste.
(10) APPROVAL OF AGREEMENTS. (a) Submission. The commission shall submit any written agreement or modification to an
agreement negotiated under sub. (8) (a) or (b), approved by the
commission and approved by the federal department of energy or
other federal agency to the speaker of the assembly and the president of the senate. The commission shall submit with the agreement or modification a written summary of the hearings held under sub. (8) (d).
(b) Introduction of bill. Upon request of the commission, the
speaker of the assembly or the president of the senate shall introduce a bill to approve the agreement or modification to an agreement. The bill is not subject to s. 16.47 (2).
(c) Legislative action required. Within 120 days after the bill
is introduced the appropriate committees in each house of the
legislature shall authorize an extraordinary session of the legislature to commence within the 120 days and to extend until the legislature passes the bill or passes a joint resolution which disapproves of the agreement or modification and returns the agreement or modification to the commission for renegotiation. If the
120-day period extends beyond the date specified in s. 13.02 (1),
the 120-day period is deemed to commence on the first day the
succeeding legislature convenes, unless a bill or joint resolution
is passed prior to that time.
(d) Veto review. Within 10 days after the bill passes the legislature, the chief clerk of the house of origin shall refer the bill to
the governor for executive action. If the governor vetoes the bill,
the appropriate committees in each house of the legislature shall
schedule a veto review session.
(e) Approval. If the bill is enacted into law, the agreement or
modification to the agreement is approved and shall take effect.
(11) REVIEW OF TECHNICAL REVISIONS. (a) Submission.
The commission shall submit any technical revision to a written
agreement negotiated under sub. (8) (g), approved by the commission and approved by the federal department of energy or
other federal agency, to the presiding officer of each house of the
legislature and to the governor.
(b) Referral to standing committees. Each presiding officer
shall refer the technical revision to one standing committee
within 7 working days after the day on which the revision is received unless the revision is received on or after November 1 of
an even-numbered year. If a revision is received on or after November 1 of an even-numbered year, each presiding officer shall
refer the revision to one standing committee within 7 days after
the first day of the next regular session of the legislature. Each
presiding officer shall cause a statement to appear in the journal
of the appropriate house that a technical revision to an agreement
approved under sub. (10) is submitted for review.

(c) Standing committee review. Either standing committee
may object to the technical revision by taking action in executive
session within 30 days after the revision is referred to the committee. If a standing committee objects to the revision, it shall submit a written notice of the objection to the presiding officer of
that house of the legislature and the presiding officer shall cause
the written notice of the objection to appear in the journal of the
house.
(d) Review by the governor. The governor may object to the
technical revision by taking action within 30 days after the revision is received unless the revision is received on or after November 1 of an even-numbered year. If the revision is received on or
after November 1 of an even-numbered year, the governor may
object to the revision by taking action within 30 days after the
first day of the next regular session of the legislature. If the governor objects to the revision, the governor shall submit a written
notice of the objection to the presiding officer of each house of
the legislature and each presiding officer shall cause the written
notice of the objection to appear in the journal of each house.
(e) Objection. A standing committee to which a revision is referred or the governor may object to a technical revision for any
reason including a belief that the revision is so substantial that the
revised agreement should be approved under sub. (10) rather than
this subsection. If either standing committee to which a revision
is referred or the governor objects to a technical revision within
the 30-day review period, the revision may not take effect.
(f) No objection. If neither standing committee nor the governor objects to a technical revision within the 30-day review period, the revision is considered approved and shall take effect.
(11m) REVIEW OF FINAL SITE SELECTION AND SITE PLAN. (a)
Review by the commission. If the federal department of energy
selects a site in the state for construction of a repository for the
long-term disposal of high-level radioactive or transuranic waste,
the commission shall review the adequacy of the selected site and
of the site plan prepared by the federal department of energy under sub. (9) (b) 12. The review shall include a full scientific review of the adequacy of the selected site and of the site plan. The
commission shall utilize recognized experts in conducting its scientific review. The commission shall conduct more than one
public hearing on the site plan and shall make available to the
public arguments and evidence for and against the site plan. The
commission shall provide 30 days’ notice of the date and location
of the public hearings. The commission shall solicit comments
from appropriate state agencies, local units of government, regional planning commissions, American Indian tribal governing
bodies, the general public and interested citizen groups on the adequacy of the selected site and the site plan. The commission
shall make these comments available to the public.
(b) Recommendation to the legislature and the governor. After completing this review, the commission shall submit a recommendation to the speaker of the assembly, the president of the
senate and the governor on whether the state should accept the
site selected by the federal department of energy and the site
plan. The reasons for which the commission may recommend
that the legislature and the governor object to the site selection or
the site plan, or both, include those specified in sub. (9) (c). The
recommendation to the speaker of the assembly and the president
of the senate shall be accompanied by a request for the introduction of a bill to approve the site selected and the site plan or by a
request for the introduction of a bill to disapprove the site or the
site plan or both.
(c) Introduction of legislation. Upon request of the commission, the speaker of the assembly or the president of the senate
shall introduce a bill reflecting the recommendation of the commission on whether to approve or disapprove the site selected by
the federal department of energy and the site plan. The bill is not
subject to s. 16.47 (2).
(d) Legislative action required. Within 120 days after the legislation is introduced under par. (c), the appropriate committees
in each house of the legislature shall authorize an extraordinary
session of the legislature to commence within the 120 days and to
extend until the legislature passes a bill which approves the site
selected by the federal department of energy and the site plan or
the legislature passes a bill which disapproves the site or the site
plan or both. If the 120-day period extends beyond the date specified under s. 13.02 (1), the 120-day period is deemed to commence on the first day the succeeding legislature convenes, unless a bill is passed prior to that time.
(e) Veto review. Within 10 days after the bill passes the legislature, the chief clerk of the house of origin shall refer the bill to
the governor for executive action. If the governor vetoes the bill,
the appropriate committees in each house of the legislature shall
schedule a veto review session.
(f) Transmittal of action by the legislature and the governor.
After the legislature takes action under par. (d) and after the governor takes any action under par. (e), the chief clerk of the house
of origin shall notify the commission of the action taken and the
commission shall send a report to the president of the United
States, the members of the U.S. senate, the members of the U.S.
house of representatives, the federal department of energy and
other appropriate federal agencies. The report shall contain a
summary of the review undertaken by the commission in accordance with par. (a), the recommendation made by the commission under par. (b), the action of the legislature under par. (d) and
any action of the governor under par. (e).
(11s) ESCROWING OF CERTAIN PAYMENTS TO THE FEDERAL
GOVERNMENT. (a) If the commission determines that the federal
department of energy is not meeting its obligations under contracts entered into under 42 USC 10222 with state agencies or
with persons in this state, the commission, subject to par. (ab),
shall direct the state agencies or persons to pay to the commission, instead of the federal department of energy the fees due under 42 USC 10222 for the period during which those contractual
obligations are not met. The commission shall deposit any funds
received under this paragraph in the nuclear waste escrow fund.
(ab) The commission may only direct the state agencies or
persons to make the payment to the commission under par. (a) if
a federal court or the federal department of energy has authorized
the commission to receive the payment of the fees due under 42
USC 10222.
(b) Upon a showing by the secretary of the federal department
of energy that the federal department of energy is meeting its
obligations under contracts entered into under 42 USC 10222, the
commission shall pay to the secretary of the federal department
of energy all funds contained in the nuclear waste escrow fund
and shall cease accepting additional funds under par. (a).
(12) IMPLEMENTATION. The commission shall implement
agreements, modifications and technical revisions approved under subs. (10) and (11). In implementing these agreements, modifications and revisions, the commission may solicit the views of
appropriate state agencies, local units of government, regional
planning commissions, American Indian tribal governing bodies,
the general public and interested citizen groups.
(13) FUNDING. The commission shall attempt to finance all
of its expenses under this section from moneys received from the
federal department of energy and other federal agencies and from
gifts and grants received from other persons.
(14) STATE AGENCIES TO COOPERATE. Other state agencies

shall assist the commission in fulfilling its duties under this section to the fullest extent possible.

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