(1) Each person who resides or is domiciled in the state, or whose executive office or principal place of business is located in the state, may bring an action in a court of competent jurisdiction to obtain any of the relief available under Subsection (2). (2) If a court of competent jurisdiction determines in any action brought under this Section that a redistricting plan enacted by the Legislature fails to abide by or conform to the redistricting standards, procedures, and requirements set forth in this chapter, the court shall issue a permanent injunction barring enforcement or implementation of the redistricting plan. In addition, the court may issue a temporary restraining order or preliminary injunction that temporarily stays enforcement or implementation of the redistricting plan at issue if the court determines that: (a) the plaintiff is likely to show by a preponderance of the evidence that a permanent injunction under this Subsection should issue, and (b) issuing a temporary restraining order or preliminary injunction is in the public interest. (3) A plaintiff bringing an action under this Section is not required to give or post a bond, security, or collateral in connection with obtaining any relief under this Section. (4) In any action brought under this Section, the court shall review or evaluate the redistricting plan at issue de novo. (5) If a plaintiff bringing an action under this Section is successful in obtaining any relief under Subsection (2), the court shall order the defendant in the action to promptly pay reasonable compensation for actual, necessary services rendered by an attorney, consulting or testifying expert, or other professional, or any corporation, association, or other entity or group of other persons, employed or engaged by the plaintiff, and to promptly reimburse the attorney, consulting or testifying expert, or other professional, or any corporation, association, or other entity or group of other persons, employed or engaged by the plaintiff for actual, necessary expenses. If there is more than one defendant in the action, each of the defendants is jointly and severally liable for the compensation and expenses awarded by the court. (6) In any action brought under this Section, the court may order a plaintiff to pay reasonable compensation for actual, necessary services rendered by an attorney, consulting or testifying expert, or other professional, or any corporation, association, or other entity or group of other persons, employed or engaged by a defendant, and to promptly reimburse the attorney, consulting or testifying expert, or other professional, or any corporation, association, or other entity or group of other persons, employed or engaged by a defendant for actual, necessary expenses, only if the court determines that: (a) the plaintiff brought the action for an improper purpose, such as to harass or to cause unnecessary delay or needless increase in the cost of litigation; (b) the plaintiff's claims, defenses, and other legal contentions are not warranted by existing law or by a nonfrivolous argument for the extension, modification, or reversal of existing law or the establishment of new law; or (c) the plaintiff's allegations and other factual contentions do not have any evidentiary support, or if specifically so identified, are not likely to have evidentiary support after a reasonable opportunity for further investigation or discovery. (7) Notwithstanding Title 63G, Chapter 7, Governmental Immunity Act of Utah, a governmental entity named as a defendant in any action brought under this Section is not immune from such action or from payment of compensation or reimbursement of expenses awarded by the court under Subsection (5). (8) Upon the issuance of a permanent injunction under Subsection (2), the Legislature may enact a new or alternative redistricting plan that abides by and conforms to the redistricting standards, procedures, and requirements of this chapter.
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