North Dakota Code § 9-16-14

Time and place of sending and receipt
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1. Unless otherwise agreed between the sender and the recipient, an electronic record is 
sent when the record:
a. Is addressed properly or otherwise directed properly to an information processing 
system that the recipient has designated or uses for the purpose of receiving 

electronic records or information of the type sent and from which the recipient is 
able to retrieve the electronic record;
b. Is in a form capable of being processed by that system; and
c. Enters an information processing system outside the control of the sender or of a 
person that sent the electronic record on behalf of the sender or enters a region 
of the information processing system designated or used by the recipient which is 
under the control of the recipient.
2. Unless otherwise agreed between a sender and the recipient, an electronic record is 
received when:
a. The record enters an information processing system that the recipient has 
designated or uses for the purpose of receiving electronic records or information 
of the type sent and from which the recipient is able to retrieve the electronic 
record; and
b. The record is in a form capable of being processed by that system.
3. Subsection 2 applies even if the place the information processing system is located is 
different from the place the electronic record is deemed to be received under 
subsection 4.
4. Unless otherwise expressly provided in the electronic record or agreed between the 
sender and the recipient, an electronic record is deemed to be sent from the sender's 
place of business and to be received at the recipient's place of business. For purposes 
of this subsection:
a. If the sender or recipient has more than one place of business, the place of 
business of that person is the place having the closest relationship to the 
underlying transaction.
b. If the sender or the recipient does not have a place of business, the place of 
business is the sender's or recipient's residence, as the case may be.
5. An electronic record is received under subsection 2 even if no individual is aware of 
the record's receipt.
6. Receipt of an electronic acknowledgment from an information processing system 
described in subsection 2 establishes that a record was received but, by itself, does 
not establish that the content sent corresponds to the content received.
7. If a person is aware that an electronic record purportedly sent under subsection 1, or 
purportedly received under subsection 2, was not actually sent or received, the legal 
effect of the sending or receipt is determined by other applicable law. Except to the 
extent permitted by the other law, this subsection may not be varied by agreement.

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