§712A-5 Property subject to forfeiture; exemption. (1) The following shall be subject to forfeiture: (a) Property described in a statute authorizing forfeiture; (b) Property used or intended for use in the commission of, attempt to commit, or conspiracy to commit a covered offense, or that facilitated or assisted the activity; (c) Any firearm that is subject to forfeiture under any other subsection of this section or that is carried during, visible, or used in furtherance of the commission, attempt to commit, or conspiracy to commit a covered offense, or any firearm found in proximity to contraband or to instrumentalities of an offense; (d) Contraband or untaxed cigarettes in violation of chapter 245, shall be seized and summarily forfeited to the State without regard to the procedures set forth in this chapter; (e) Any proceeds or other property acquired, maintained, or produced by means of or as a result of the commission of the covered offense; (f) Any property derived from any proceeds that were obtained directly or indirectly from the commission of a covered offense; (g) Any interest in, security of, claim against, or property or contractual right of any kind affording a source of influence over any enterprise that has been established, participated in, operated, controlled, or conducted in order to commit a covered offense; and (h) All books, records, bank statements, accounting records, microfilms, tapes, computer data, or other data that are used, intended for use, or that facilitated or assisted in the commission of a covered offense, or that document the use of the proceeds of a covered offense. (2) Real property, or an interest therein, may be forfeited under the provisions of this chapter only in cases in which the covered offense is chargeable as a felony offense under state law. (3) The following limitations shall apply to the forfeiture of property under this chapter; provided that nothing in this subsection shall be construed to prevent the seizure of property before conviction pursuant to section 712A-6: (a) No property shall be forfeited under this chapter by reason of the commission of any covered offense unless the owner has received a charge for the covered offense. If no such charge is filed within one year from the date of seizure, all property seized shall be returned to the legal owner, as determined by the department or agency in possession of the property, one year from the date of seizure; provided that property that is contraband or otherwise unlawful shall not be returned and shall be disposed of pursuant to rules adopted by the attorney general; provided further that if the legal owner cannot be determined or located, the department or agency in possession of the property shall follow procedures set forth in rules adopted by the attorney general to determine or locate the owner; (b) No property shall be forfeited under this chapter by reason of any act or omission established by the owner to have been committed or omitted without the knowledge and consent of the owner; (c) No conveyance used by any person as a common carrier in the transaction of a business as a common carrier shall be subject to forfeiture under this section unless it appears that the owner or other person in charge of the conveyance is a consenting party or privy to a violation of this chapter; (d) No conveyance shall be subject to forfeiture under this section by reason of any act or omission established by the owner thereof to have been committed or omitted without the owner's knowledge or consent; and (e) A forfeiture of a conveyance encumbered by a bona fide security interest shall be subject to the interest of the secured party if the secured party neither had knowledge of nor consented to the act or omission. (4) This chapter shall not apply to the forfeiture of an animal pursuant to section 711-1109.2. (5) This section shall not prohibit or restrict forfeitures authorized by law other than this chapter. [L 1988, c 260, pt of §1, §7; am L 1990, c 197, §1; am L 1993, c 196, §1; am L 1996, c 104, §6; am L 2000, c 249, §§11, 20(2); am L 2002, c 94, §3; am L 2025, c 288, §3]
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