Wisconsin Code § 340.01

In s. 23.33 and chs.
340 to 349 and 351, the following words and phrases have the
designated meanings unless a different meaning is expressly provided or the context clearly indicates a different meaning:
(1m) “Adverse weather lamp” means a lamp specially designed to provide road illumination under conditions of rain,
snow, dust or fog.
(1o) “Agricultural commercial motor vehicle” means a commercial motor vehicle to which all of the following apply:
(a) The vehicle is substantially designed or equipped, or materially altered from its original construction, for the purpose of
agricultural use.
(b) The vehicle was designed and manufactured primarily for
highway use.
(c) Unless the vehicle was manufactured prior to 1970, the vehicle was manufactured to meet federal motor vehicle safety standard certification label requirements as specified in 49 CFR 567.
(d) The vehicle is used exclusively in the conduct of agricultural operations.
(e) The vehicle is being used in any of the following ways:
1. For directly distributing feed to livestock or for directly applying fertilizer, lime, spray, or seeds, but not manure, to a farm
field.
2. For assisting another vehicle directly harvesting farm
products by receiving farm products as they are harvested or for
assisting another vehicle directly planting potatoes by delivering
seed potatoes to the planter.
3. For directly applying manure to a farm field or for offloading manure if field conditions do not permit manure application by the vehicle directly to the field.
(1q) “Alcohol” means any substance containing any form of
alcohol including, but not limited to, ethanol, methanol, propanol
and isopropanol.
(1v) “Alcohol concentration” means any of the following:
(a) The number of grams of alcohol per 100 milliliters of a
person’s blood.
(b) The number of grams of alcohol per 210 liters of a person’s breath.
(2) “Alley” means every highway within the corporate limits
of a city, village or town primarily intended to provide access to
the rear of property fronting upon another highway and not for
the use of through traffic.
(2g) “All-terrain vehicle” means a commercially designed
and manufactured motor-driven device that has a weight, without
fluids, of 900 pounds or less, has a width of not more than 50
inches as measured laterally between the outermost wheel rim on
each side of the vehicle, exclusive of tires, mirrors, and accessories that are not essential to the vehicle’s basic operation, is
equipped with a seat designed to be straddled by the operator, a
headlight, and a tail lamp, and travels on 3 or more tires.
(2m) “Articulated bus” means a bus constructed in 2 sections
and supported by 3 or more axles with the sections of the vehicle
hinged in the horizontal plane and so designed that passengers
may move freely from either section to the other.
(2q) “Auction company” means any person who, for compensation, takes possession, whether on consignment or in the form
of a bailment or any other arrangement, of a motor vehicle owned
by a motor vehicle dealer and offers it for sale at an auction that is
open only to motor vehicle dealers or wholesalers.
(3) “Authorized emergency vehicle” means any of the
following:
(a) Police vehicles, whether publicly or privately owned, including all-terrain vehicles, utility terrain vehicles, off-highway
motorcycles, snowmobiles, and bicycles being operated by law
enforcement officers.
(b) Conservation wardens’ vehicles, including all-terrain vehicles, utility terrain vehicles, off-highway motorcycles, and snowmobiles, foresters’ trucks, or vehicles used by commission wardens, whether publicly or privately owned.
(c) Vehicles, including all-terrain vehicles, utility terrain vehicles, and snowmobiles, of a fire department or fire patrol.
(d) Privately owned motor vehicles, including all-terrain vehicles, utility terrain vehicles, and snowmobiles, being used by
deputy state fire marshals or by personnel of a full-time or parttime fire department or by members of a volunteer fire department while en route to a fire or on an emergency call pursuant to
orders of their chief or other commanding officer.
(dg) Privately owned motor vehicles, including all-terrain vehicles, utility terrain vehicles, and snowmobiles, being used by an
organ procurement organization, or by any person under an
agreement with an organ procurement organization, to transport
organs for human transplantation or to transport medical personnel for the purpose of performing human organ harvesting or
transplantation immediately after the transportation.
(dh) Privately owned motor vehicles, including all-terrain vehicles, utility terrain vehicles, and snowmobiles, being operated
in the course of a business and being used, in response to an
emergency call from a treating physician or his or her designee
declaring the transportation to be an emergency, to transport
medical devices or equipment to a hospital or ambulatory surgery
center, or to pick up medical devices or equipment for immediate
transportation to a hospital or ambulatory surgery center, if the
medical devices or equipment are to be used for human implantation or for urgent medical treatment immediately after the
transportation.
(dm) Privately owned motor vehicles, including all-terrain vehicles, utility terrain vehicles, and snowmobiles, that are all of the
following:
1. Designated or authorized by an ambulance service or rescue squad chief in writing annually.
2. Used by an emergency medical services practitioner licensed under s. 256.15 or an ambulance driver or emergency
medical responder authorized by the chief of an ambulance service or rescue squad.
(e) Emergency vehicles of municipal or county departments
or public service corporations that are designated or authorized
by the local authorities to be authorized emergency vehicles.
(f) Emergency vehicles of state departments that are designated or authorized by the heads of those departments to be authorized emergency vehicles.
(g) Publicly owned ambulances that are designated or authorized by local authorities to be authorized emergency vehicles.

(h) An emergency vehicle authorized by the county board of
supervisors of any county for use by the county coroners or medical examiners for traveling to the scene of a fatal accident or a
death and on any other occasions that are authorized under par.
(e).
(i) Privately owned ambulances that are operated by their
owners or by their owners’ agents and that are authorized in writing by the sheriff or others designated by the county board as
emergency vehicles. The authorization is effective throughout
the state until rescinded. The sheriff or others designated by the
county board may designate any owner of ambulances usually
kept in the county to operate those ambulances as authorized
emergency vehicles. The written authorization shall at all times
be carried on each ambulance used for emergency purposes. The
sheriff shall keep a file of authorizations made under this paragraph in the sheriff’s office for public inspection, and all other
persons permitted to issue authorizations under this paragraph
shall file a copy of all authorizations issued with the sheriff.
(j) Vehicles operated by federal, state or local authorities for
the purpose of bomb and explosive or incendiary ordnance
disposal.
(3m) “Autocycle” means a motor vehicle that has 3 wheels in
contact with the ground, is designed with seating that does not require operators or any occupants to straddle or sit astride it, has a
steering wheel, and is originally manufactured to meet federal
motor vehicle safety standards for motorcycles under 49 CFR part
571.
(4) “Automobile” means any of the following:
(a) Type 1 is a motor vehicle designed and used primarily for
carrying persons but which does not come within the definition
of a motor bus, motorcycle, moped or motor bicycle.
(b) Type 2 is a motor vehicle capable of speeds in excess of 30
miles per hour on a dry, level, hard surface with no wind, designed and built to have at least 3 wheels in contact with the
ground, a power source as an integral part of the vehicle, a curb
weight of at least 1,500 pounds, and a passenger and operator area
with sides permanently enclosed with rigid construction and a
top which may be convertible.
(4e) “Automobile haulaway” means a combination of 2 vehicles specially designed, constructed and used to transport operational motor vehicles.
(5) “Bicycle” means every vehicle propelled by feet or hands
acting upon pedals or cranks and having wheels any 2 of which
are not less than 14 inches in diameter.
(5e) “Bicycle lane” means that portion of a roadway set aside
by the governing body of any city, town, village, or county for the
exclusive use of bicycles, electric scooters, electric personal assistive mobility devices, or other modes of travel where permitted
under s. 349.23 (2) (a) , and so designated by appropriate signs
and pavement markings.
(5s) “Bicycle way” means any path or sidewalk or portion
thereof designated for the use of bicycles, electric scooters, and
electric personal assistive mobility devices by the governing body
of any city, town, village, or county.
(6) “Business district” means the territory contiguous to a
highway when 50 percent or more of the frontage thereon for a
distance of 300 feet or more is occupied by buildings in use for
business.
(6m) “Camping trailer” means a vehicle with a collapsible or
folding structure designed to provide temporary living quarters
for recreation, camping, or travel use and to be towed upon a highway by a motor vehicle.
(6r) “Car pool vehicle” means a motor truck having a gross
weight of 6,000 pounds or less or an automobile or a motor bus
when such vehicles are transporting 2 or more persons, or a motorcycle. “Car pool vehicle” does not include any vehicle which
is towing a trailer.
(6u) “Carsharing organization” means a business entity, as
defined in s. 180.1100 (1g), that is a rental company that offers a
membership service in which members share type 1 automobiles,
the use of which may be purchased from the business entity on
the basis of trip, trip distance, or trip duration.
(7) “Clearance lamps” means lamps on the left and right sides
of the front and rear of a vehicle which show to the front and rear
to mark the extreme sides of the vehicle.
(7m) “Commercial driver license” means a license issued to
a person by this state or another jurisdiction that is in accordance
with the requirements of 49 USC 31301 to 31317, or by Canada
or Mexico, and that authorizes the licensee to operate certain
commercial motor vehicles.
(7r) “Commercial driver license information system” means
the information system established pursuant to the federal commercial motor vehicle safety act of 1986, 49 USC 31301 to
31317, to serve as a clearinghouse for information related to the
licensing and identification of commercial motor vehicle drivers.
(8) “Commercial motor vehicle” means a motor vehicle designed or used to transport passengers or property and having one
or more of the following characteristics:
(a) The vehicle is a single vehicle with a gross vehicle weight
rating of 26,001 or more pounds or the vehicle’s registered weight
or actual gross weight is more than 26,000 pounds.
(b) The vehicle is a combination vehicle with a gross combination weight rating, registered weight or actual gross weight of
26,001 or more pounds inclusive of a towed unit with a gross vehicle weight rating, registered weight or actual gross weight of
more than 10,000 pounds.
(c) The vehicle is designed to transport or is actually transporting the driver and 15 or more passengers. If the vehicle is
equipped with bench type seats intended to seat more than one
person, the passenger carrying capacity shall be determined under sub. (31) or, if the vehicle is a school bus, by dividing the total
seating space measured in inches by 13.
(d) The vehicle is transporting hazardous materials requiring
placarding or any quantity of a material listed as a select agent or
toxin under 42 CFR 73.
(8m) “Commercial quadricycle” means a vehicle with fully
operative pedals for propulsion entirely by human power, that has
4 wheels and is operated in a manner similar to a bicycle, that is
equipped with at least 12 seats for passengers, that is designed to
be occupied by a driver and by passengers providing pedal power
to the drive train of the vehicle, that is used for commercial purposes, and that is operated by the vehicle owner or an employee of
the owner.
(8t) “Commission” means the Great Lakes Indian Fish and
Wildlife Commission.
(8u) “Commission warden” means a conservation warden
employed by the commission.
(9) “Connecting highway” means a highway designated as
such under s. 86.32.
(9m) “Controlled substance” has the meaning given in s.
961.01 (4).
(9n) “Controlled substance analog” has the meaning given in
s. 961.01 (4m).
(9r) “Conviction” or “convicted” means an unvacated adjudication of guilt, or a determination that a person has violated or
failed to comply with the law in a court of original jurisdiction or
an authorized administrative tribunal, an unvacated forfeiture of
property deposited to secure the person’s appearance in court, a

plea of guilty or no contest accepted by the court, the payment of
a fine or court cost, or violation of a condition of release without
the deposit of property, regardless of whether or not the penalty is
rebated, suspended, or probated, in this state or any other jurisdiction. It is immaterial that an appeal has been taken. “Conviction” or “convicted” includes:
(a) A forfeiture of deposit under ss. 345.26 and 345.37, which
forfeiture has not been vacated;
(b) An adjudication of having violated a law enacted by a federally recognized American Indian tribe or band in this state.
(c) An adjudication of having violated a local ordinance enacted under ch. 349;
(d) A finding by a court assigned to exercise jurisdiction under chs. 48 and 938 of a violation of chs. 341 to 349 and 351 or a
local ordinance enacted under ch. 349.
(10) “Crosswalk” means either of the following, except where
signs have been erected by local authorities indicating no
crossing:
(a) Marked crosswalk. Any portion of a highway clearly indicated for pedestrian crossing by signs, or pavement markings; or
(b) Unmarked crosswalk. In the absence of signs or pavement
markings, that part of a roadway, at an intersection, which is included within the transverse lines which would be formed on
such roadway by connecting the corresponding lateral lines of the
sidewalks on opposite sides of such roadway or, in the absence of
a corresponding sidewalk on one side of the roadway, that part of
such roadway which is included within the extension of the lateral lines of the existing sidewalk across such roadway at right angles to the center line thereof, except in no case does an unmarked
crosswalk include any part of the intersection and in no case is
there an unmarked crosswalk across a street at an intersection of
such street with an alley.
(10m) “Curb weight” means the total weight of a vehicle, including a full load of fuel, oil and water, but without any passengers or cargo.
(11) “Dealer” means a person who, for a commission or other
thing of value, sells, exchanges, buys or rents, or offers or attempts to negotiate a sale or exchange of an interest in motor vehicles, recreational vehicles, trailers or semitrailers, or who is engaged wholly or in part in the business of selling motor vehicles,
recreational vehicles, trailers or semitrailers, whether or not such
vehicles are owned by that person, but not including:
(a) A receiver, trustee, personal representative, guardian, or
other person appointed by or acting under the judgment or order
of any court; or
(b) A public officer while performing official duty; or
(c) An employee of a person enumerated in par. (a) or (b); or
(d) A finance company licensed under ss. 138.09 or 218.0101
to 218.0163 who sells or offers for sale motor vehicles repossessed or foreclosed by it under the terms of a security contract.
(12) “Department” means the department of transportation.
(13) “Direction signal lamp” means a lighting device used to
indicate the intention of the operator of a vehicle to change
direction.
(13m) “Disqualification” means the loss or withdrawal of a
person’s privilege to operate a commercial motor vehicle relating
to certain offenses committed by the person while driving or operating a motor vehicle or while on duty time with respect to a
commercial motor vehicle.
(14) “Distributor” means a person who in whole or in part
sells or distributes motor vehicles, recreational vehicles, trailers
or semitrailers to dealers, or who maintains distributor
representatives.
(15) “Divided highway” means a highway with 2 or more
roadways separated by spaces not intended for the use of vehicular traffic.
(15c) “Division of hearings and appeals” means the division
of hearings and appeals in the department of administration.
(15f) “Double bottom” means a combination of 3 vehicles
consisting of a truck tractor, a semitrailer and a trailer, or of a
truck tractor and 2 semitrailers. For purposes of this paragraph,
“truck tractor” includes road tractor.
(15m) “Drawbar” means a rigid structure forming a connection between 2 vehicles, securely attached to both vehicles by
non-rigid means, and carrying no part of the load of either vehicle. The surface to which the drawbar is attached shall be of sufficient strength to prevent failure under all conditions of operation, including the coupling platform and its attaching members
or weldments which is attached to the towing vehicle, and shall
otherwise comply with s. 347.47.
(15mm) “Drug” has the meaning specified in s. 450.01 (10).
(15n) “Dual purpose farm truck” means a motor truck owned
and operated by a farmer and used for the transportation of supplies, farm equipment and products on the owner’s farm or between the owner’s farms, the transportation of farm products
from the owner’s farm to market, and the transportation of supplies to the owner’s farm and also used in furtherance of any nonfarm occupation, trade, profession or employment.
(15p) “Dual purpose motor home” means a vehicle which
can be interchangeably equipped as a motor home or as a motor
truck.
(15ph) “Electric bicycle” means a bicycle that is equipped
with fully operative pedals for propulsion by human power and an
electric motor of 750 watts or less and that meets the requirements of any of the following classifications:
(a) Class 1 electric bicycle is an electric bicycle equipped with
a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling
and that ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the
speed of 20 miles per hour.
(b) Class 2 electric bicycle is an electric bicycle that may be
powered solely by the motor and is not capable of providing assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 20 miles per hour.
(c) Class 3 electric bicycle is an electric bicycle equipped with
a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling
and that ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the
speed of 28 miles per hour.
(15pm) “Electric personal assistive mobility device” means
a self-balancing, 2-nontandem-wheeled device that is designed to
transport only one person and that has an electric propulsion system that limits the maximum speed of the device to 15 miles per
hour or less.
(15ps) “Electric scooter” means a device weighing less than
100 pounds that has handlebars and an electric motor, is powered
solely by the electric motor and human power, and has a maximum speed of not more than 20 miles per hour on a paved level
surface when powered solely by the electric motor. “Electric
scooter” does not include an electric personal assistive mobility
device, motorcycle, motor bicycle, electric bicycle, or moped.
(15pu) “Emergency or roadside response area” means the
section of roadway within 500 feet of an authorized emergency
vehicle giving a visible signal or a tow truck displaying flashing
red lamps, as required by s. 347.26 (6) (b).
(15r) “Endorsement” means an authorization to an operator’s
license required to permit the operation of certain vehicles.
(15s) “Energy emergency” means a period of disruption of
energy supplies which poses a serious risk to the economic wellbeing, health or welfare of the citizens of this state, as certified by
executive order of the governor.

(15v) “Fair market value” means the value of a vehicle that
takes into account the condition of the vehicle immediately before
the damage occurred and which has been determined by reliable
sources generally accepted within the automotive and insurance
industries, limited to price guidebooks, dealer quotations, computerized valuation services and other methods which may be
prescribed by the department.
(16) “Farm tractor” means a motor vehicle designed and used
primarily as an implement of husbandry for drawing, or having
attached to it, other implements of husbandry.
(17) “Farm trailer” means a trailer or semitrailer with a gross
weight greater than 3,000 pounds which is owned or leased and
operated by a farmer and is used exclusively for the transportation
of farm products from the owner’s farm to market or for the transportation of supplies to the owner’s farm. As used in this subsection “leased” means that the farmer has entered into a written
agreement with a person in the business of leasing vehicles to
lease the trailer or semitrailer for a period of one year or more.
(18) (a) “Farm truck” means either of the following:
1. A motor truck having a gross weight of less than 38,000
pounds that is owned or leased and operated by a farmer and used
primarily for the transportation of supplies, farm equipment and
products on the owner’s farm or between his or her farms, the
transportation of farm products from the owner’s farm to market,
and the transportation of supplies to his or her farm.
2. A motor truck having a gross weight of 38,000 pounds or
more that is owned or leased and operated by a farmer and used
exclusively for the transportation of supplies, farm equipment and
products on the owner’s farm or between his or her farms, the
transportation of farm products from the owner’s farm to market,
and the transportation of supplies to his or her farm.
(b) In this subsection, the term “farmer” includes persons
who are engaged in those activities specified in the definition of
“operation of farm premises” contained in s. 102.04 (3), provided
that such activities are directly or indirectly for the purpose of
producing a commodity or commodities for market, or as an accessory to such production. In this subsection, “leased” means
that the farmer has entered into a written agreement with a person
in the business of leasing vehicles to lease the motor truck for a
period of one year or more.
(18g) “Farm truck tractor” means a truck tractor that is
owned or leased and operated by a farmer as defined in sub. (18),
used exclusively for the transportation of supplies, farm equipment and products on the owner’s farm or between his or her
farms, the transportation of farm products from the owner’s farm
to market and the transportation of supplies to his or her farm and
is exempt from payment of the heavy vehicle use tax imposed by
section 4481 of the internal revenue code. In this subsection,
“leased” means that the farmer has entered into a written agreement with a person in the business of leasing vehicles to lease the
truck tractor for a period of one year or more.
(18j) “Federal out-of-service order for unsatisfactory safety
compliance” means an out-of-service order issued by the federal
motor carrier safety administration under 49 CFR 385.13 (a) ,
385.105 (b), 385.111 (a) or (c), 385.325 (c), 385.337 (b), 386.72
(b) (2), 386.83 (a) (1), or 386.84 (a) (1).
(18m) “Fifth-wheel recreational vehicle” means a recreational vehicle that is mounted on wheels, that is of a size and
weight such that a special highway movement permit is not required, and that is designed to be towed by a motor vehicle utilizing a kingpin and 5th wheel coupling device mounted above or
forward of the rear axle of the tow vehicle.
(18p) “Flood damaged vehicle” means any motor vehicle that
is not precluded from subsequent registration or titling and that is
damaged by flood to the extent that the estimated or actual cost,
whichever is greater, of repairing the vehicle exceeds 70 percent
of its fair market value.
(18r) “Forward” means send by mail or furnish by another
mode of transmission approved by the department.
(19) “Fusee” means a paper or fiber tube filled with a
flammable material which, when ignited, burns with a red flame
for 5 to 30 minutes and which is designed to produce a warning
light for temporarily marking a disabled vehicle until more permanent warning devices can be properly placed.
(19g) “Gross combination weight rating” means the value
specified by the manufacturer as the loaded weight of a combination or articulated vehicle. In the absence of a value specified by
the manufacturer, the gross combination weight rating is determined by adding the gross vehicle weight rating of the power unit
and the total weight of the towed unit and any load carried.
(19r) “Gross vehicle weight rating” means the value specified
by the vehicle manufacturer, including secondary or final stage
manufacturer, as the loaded weight of a vehicle.
(20) “Gross weight” means the weight of the vehicle
equipped for service plus the weight which the vehicle is carrying
as a load.
(20m) “Hail-damaged vehicle” means a vehicle less than 7
years old that is not precluded from subsequent registration and
titling and that is damaged solely by hail to the extent that the estimated or actual cost, whichever is greater, of repairing the vehicle exceeds 70 percent of its fair market value.
(20r) “Hazardous inhalant” means a substance that is ingested, inhaled, or otherwise introduced into the human body in a
manner that does not comply with any cautionary labeling that is
required for the substance under s. 100.37 or under federal law, or
in a manner that is not intended by the manufacturer of the substance, and that is intended to induce intoxication or elation, to
stupefy the central nervous system, or to change the human audio,
visual, or mental processes.
(21) “Headlamp” means a major lighting device used to provide general illumination ahead of a vehicle.
(22) “Highway” means all public ways and thoroughfares and
bridges on the same. It includes the entire width between the
boundary lines of every way open to the use of the public as a
matter of right for the purposes of vehicular travel. It includes
those roads or driveways in the state, county or municipal parks
and in state forests which have been opened to the use of the public for the purpose of vehicular travel and roads or driveways upon
the grounds of public schools, as defined in s. 115.01 (1), and institutions under the jurisdiction of the county board of supervisors, but does not include private roads or driveways as defined in
sub. (46).
(22e) “Highway maintenance or construction area” means
the entire section of roadway between the first advance warning
sign of highway maintenance or construction work and an “END
ROAD WORK” or “END CONSTRUCTION” sign or, in the
case of a moving vehicle engaged in the maintenance or construction work, that section of roadway where traffic may return to its
normal flow without impeding such work.
(23) “Hours of darkness” means the period of time from onehalf hour after sunset to one-half hour before sunrise and all other
times when there is not sufficient natural light to render clearly
visible any person or vehicle upon a highway at a distance of 500
feet.
(23d) “Household goods” means personal effects and property used or to be used in a dwelling when such effects and property are a part of the equipment or supply of the dwelling, but
does not include property moving from a factory to a store except
such property as a householder has purchased with intent to use

in his or her dwelling and which is transported at the request of,
and for which the transportation charges are paid to the carrier by,
the householder.
(23e) “Household goods carrier” means any person engaged
in the transportation of household goods for hire by motor vehicle
upon the public highways.
(23g) “Human service vehicle”:
(a) Means a motor vehicle which is not painted in accordance
with s. 347.44 (1) and which is used for the purpose of transporting individuals with disabilities as defined in s. 85.22 (2) (bm) or
seniors as defined in s. 85.22 (2) (d) in connection with any transportation assistance program for seniors or individuals with
disabilities.
(b) Does not include:
1. A motor vehicle performing transportation services under
par. (a) provided by a volunteer. Under this subdivision, “volunteer” includes a person who may receive an allowance to defray
vehicle operating costs but does not include a person who receives compensation for his or her time for operating the vehicle.
2. A motor vehicle operated in an urban mass transit system
as defined in s. 85.20 (1) (e) and (L) or as a taxicab service or as
a common carrier of passengers.
3. A school bus used for transportation under s. 120.13 (27)
or 341.26 (7).
4. A motor vehicle being used to provide transportation network services, as defined in s. 440.40 (7).
(23m) “Identification lamps” means lamps grouped in a horizontal row and mounted on the permanent structure of the vehicle at or near the vertical center line.
(23r) “Identification number” means the numbers, letters or
combination of numbers and letters assigned by the manufacturer
of a vehicle or vehicle part or by the department and stamped
upon or affixed to a vehicle or vehicle part for the purpose of
identification. “Identification number” does not include the letters, numbers or combinations thereof on registration plates issued under ch. 341.
(23v) “Ignition interlock device” means a device which measures the person’s alcohol concentration and which is installed on
a vehicle in such a manner that the vehicle will not start if the
sample shows that the person has a prohibited alcohol
concentration.
(23w) “Immobilization device” means a device or mechanism which immobilizes a motor vehicle, making the motor vehicle inoperable.
(24) (a) Subject to par. (b), “implement of husbandry” means
all of the following:
1. A self-propelled or towed vehicle that is manufactured, designed, or reconstructed to be used and that is exclusively used in
the conduct of agricultural operations. An “implement of husbandry” may include any of the following:
a. A farm tractor.
b. A self-propelled combine; a self-propelled forage harvester; self-propelled fertilizer or pesticide application equipment
but not including manure application equipment; towed or attached tillage, planting, harvesting, and cultivation equipment
and its towing farm tractor or other power unit or farm tractor or
other power unit to which it is attached; or another self-propelled
vehicle that directly engages in harvesting farm products, directly
applies fertilizer, spray, or seeds but not manure, or distributes
feed to livestock.
c. A farm wagon, grain cart, farm trailer, manure trailer, or
trailer adapted to be towed by, or to tow or pull, another implement of husbandry.
2. A combination of vehicles in which each vehicle in the vehicle combination is an implement of husbandry as described in
subd. 1. or in which an implement of husbandry described in
subd. 1. is towed by a farm truck, farm truck tractor, motor truck,
or agricultural commercial motor vehicle.
(b) “Implement of husbandry” does not include any of the
following:
1. An agricultural commercial motor vehicle.
2. A vehicle that, notwithstanding sub. (8), is a commercial
motor vehicle under 49 CFR 390.5.
(24m) “In-line skates” means skates with wheels arranged
singly in a tandem line rather than in pairs.
(25) “Intersection” means the area embraced within the prolongation or connection of the curb lines or, if none, then within
the boundary lines of the roadways of 2 or more highways which
join one another at, or approximately at right angles, whether or
not one such highway crosses the other, or the area within which
vehicles traveling upon different highways joining at any other angle may come in conflict.
(25d) “Intoxicant” includes a hazardous inhalant.
(25g) “Junked” means dismantled for parts or scrapped.
(25j) “Junk vehicle” means any of the following:
(a) A vehicle which is incapable of operation or use upon a
highway and which has no resale value except as a source of parts
or scrap.
(b) A vehicle for which an insurance company has taken possession of or title to if the estimated cost of repairing the vehicle
exceeds its fair market value.
(25m) “Kingpin” means a pin or peg designed to be locked
into the 5th wheel of a truck tractor to attach a semitrailer to the
truck tractor.
(26) “Local authorities” means every county board, city
council, town or village board or other local agency having authority under the constitution and laws of this state to adopt traffic regulations.
(27) “Local ordinance which is in conformity therewith”
means a local traffic regulation enacted pursuant to s. 349.06.
(27g) “Low-pressure tire” means a tire that has a minimum
width of 6 inches and that is designed to be inflated with an operating pressure not to exceed 20 pounds per square inch as recommended by the manufacturer.
(27h) “Low-speed vehicle” means a motor vehicle that conforms to the definition and requirements for low-speed vehicles
as adopted in the federal motor vehicle safety standards for lowspeed vehicles under 49 CFR 571.3 (b) and 49 CFR 571.500 .
“Low-speed vehicle” does not include a golf cart.
(27m) “Manufactured home” has the meaning given in s.
101.91 (2).
(28) “Manufacturer” means a person who manufactures or
assembles motor vehicles, recreational vehicles, trailers or semitrailers, or who manufactures or installs on previously assembled
truck chassis special bodies or equipment which when installed
form an integral part of the motor vehicle and which constitutes a
major manufacturing alteration.
(28e) “Manufacturers buyback vehicle” means a motor vehicle repurchased by its manufacturer, or by an authorized distributor or dealer with compensation from the manufacturer, because
of a nonconformity that was not corrected after a reasonable attempt to repair the nonconformity under s. 218.0171 or under a
similar law of another state.
(28m) “Mass transit vehicle” means any vehicle used for providing transportation service, either publicly or privately owned,
which provides a general transportation service to any member of
the public on a regular, continuing and completely equal basis.

(28q) “Mass transit way” means that portion of the highway
designated for the primary use of mass transit vehicles or car pool
vehicles or both and the incidental use of other permitted
vehicles.
(29) “Mobile home” has the meaning given in s. 101.91 (10).
(29k) “Modular home” has the meaning given in s. 101.71
(6).
(29m) (am) “Moped” means any of the following motor vehicles capable of speeds of not more than 30 miles per hour with
a 150-pound rider on a dry, level, hard surface with no wind, excluding a tractor, a power source as an integral part of the vehicle
and a seat for the operator:
1. A bicycle-type vehicle with fully operative pedals for
propulsion by human power and an engine certified by the manufacturer at not more than 130 cubic centimeters or an equivalent
power unit.
2. A motorcycle with an automatic transmission and an engine certified by the manufacturer at not more than 50 cubic centimeters or an equivalent power unit.
(bm) “Moped” does not include a motor bicycle or electric
bicycle.
(30) “Motor bicycle” means a bicycle to which a power unit
that is not an integral part of the vehicle has been added to permit
the vehicle to travel at a speed of not more than 30 miles per hour
with a 150-pound rider on a dry, level, hard surface with no wind
and having a seat for the operator. “Motor bicycle” does not include an electric bicycle.
(31) “Motor bus” means a motor vehicle designed primarily
for the transportation of persons rather than property and having
a passenger-carrying capacity of 16 or more persons, including
the operator. Passenger-carrying capacity shall be determined by
dividing by 20 the total seating space measured in inches.
(32) “Motorcycle” means a motor vehicle originally manufactured with motive power, a seat or saddle requiring the rider to
sit astride, not more than 3 wheels in contact with the ground,
steering controlled by handlebars, and acceleration and braking
controlled with handlebar and foot controls and that is capable of
speeds in excess of 30 miles per hour.
(33m) “Motor home” means a motor vehicle designed to be
operated upon a highway for use as a temporary or recreational
dwelling and having the same internal characteristics and equipment as a mobile home.
(34) “Motor truck” means every motor vehicle designed,
used or maintained primarily for the transportation of property.
(35) “Motor vehicle” means a vehicle, including a combination of 2 or more vehicles or an articulated vehicle, which is selfpropelled, except a vehicle operated exclusively on a rail. “Motor
vehicle” includes, without limitation, a commercial motor vehicle
or a vehicle which is propelled by electric power obtained from
overhead trolley wires but not operated on rails. A snowmobile,
an all-terrain vehicle, a utility terrain vehicle, an electric scooter,
and an electric personal assistive mobility device shall be considered motor vehicles only for purposes made specifically applicable by statute. “Motor vehicle” does not include an electric
bicycle.
(35e) “Motor vehicle dealer” has the meaning given in s.
218.0101 (23) (a).
(35j) “Motor vehicle salvage pool” has the meaning given in
s. 218.50 (5).
(36) “Multiple beam headlamp” means a headlamp designed
to permit the operator of the vehicle to use any one of 2 or more
distributions of light on the roadway.
(36m) “Municipality” means a city, village or town.
(37) “Nonresident” means a person who is not a resident of
this state.
(37m) “Odometer” means an instrument for measuring and
recording the actual distance that a motor vehicle has traveled
while in operation, but does not include any auxiliary instrument
designed to be reset to zero to measure and record the actual distance that a motor vehicle has traveled on trips.
(37r) “Off-highway motorcycle” has the meaning given in s.
23.335 (1) (q).
(38) “Official traffic control device” means all signs, signals,
pavement markings, and devices, not inconsistent with chs. 341
to 349, placed or erected by authority of a public body or official
having jurisdiction for the purpose of regulating, warning, or
guiding traffic; and includes the terms “official traffic sign” and
“official traffic signal”.
(38m) (a) “Off-road utility vehicle” means any of the
following:
1. A motor vehicle that is designed and constructed to carry
no more than 2 persons and to be used for collecting residential
and commercial solid waste, such as yard waste, recyclable materials, and household garbage, refuse, and rubbish, landscaping, or
incidental street maintenances; that is not certified by the manufacturer for on-road use or that is certified by the manufacturer as
meeting the equipment standards for a low-speed vehicle under
49 CFR 571.500; and that satisfies the equipment standards for a
Type 2 automobile or autocycle under ch. 347 or the equipment
standards for a low-speed vehicle under 49 CFR 571.500.
2. A Kei class vehicle.
(b) “Off-road utility vehicle” does not include any motorized
construction equipment or any motor vehicle that falls within another definition under this section.
(38r) “On duty time” means, with respect to an operator of a
commercial motor vehicle, the period from the time that the operator of the commercial motor vehicle begins to work or is required to be in readiness to work until the time that the operator
of the commercial motor vehicle is relieved from work and all responsibility for performing work.
(40) “Operating privilege” means, in the case of a person
who is licensed under ch. 343, the license, including every endorsement and authorization to operate vehicles of specific vehicle classes or types, instruction permit, and temporary, restricted
or occupational license granted to such person; in the case of a
resident of this state who is not so licensed, it means the privilege
to secure a license under ch. 343; in the case of a nonresident, it
means the operating privilege granted by s. 343.05 (2) (a) 2. or (4)
(b) 1.
(41) “Operator” means a person who drives or is in actual
physical control of a vehicle.
(41g) “Operator’s license” means the authorization granted
to a person by this state, another jurisdiction or certain countries
to operate a motor vehicle, including a driver’s license, temporary
or restricted license or an instruction permit.
(41k) “Organ procurement organization” means an organization that has status as a designated organ procurement organization under the requirements of 42 CFR 485.303.
(41m) “Other jurisdiction” or “another jurisdiction” means
any state other than Wisconsin and includes the District of Columbia, the commonwealth of Puerto Rico and any territory or
possession of the United States, any federal military installation
located within the territorial boundaries of Wisconsin and any
province of the Dominion of Canada.
(41r) “Out-of-service order” means a temporary prohibition
against operating a commercial motor vehicle.
(42) “Owner” means a person who holds the legal title of a

vehicle, except that if legal title is held by a secured party with the
immediate right of possession of the vehicle vested in the debtor,
the debtor is the owner for the purposes of chs. 340 to 349.
(42m) “Park or parking” means the halting of a vehicle,
whether occupied or not, except temporarily for the purpose of
and while actually engaged in loading or unloading property or
passengers.
(42t) “Pavement marking” means any material or device on
the surface of a highway intended to regulate, warn, or guide
highway users.
(43) “Pedestrian” means any person afoot or any person in a
wheelchair, either manually or mechanically propelled, or other
low-powered, mechanically propelled vehicle designed specifically for use by a physically disabled person, but does not include
any person using an electric scooter or an electric personal assistive mobility device.
(43c) “Pedestrian signal authorizing crossing” means a traffic control signal for pedestrians that displays the word “Walk,”
the symbol of a walking person, or any other symbol approved for
this purpose under the manual on uniform traffic control devices
adopted by the department under s. 84.02 (4) (e).
(43d) “Pedestrian signal limiting crossing” means a traffic
control signal for pedestrians that displays the words “Don’t
Walk,” the symbol of an upraised hand, or any other symbol approved for this purpose under the manual on uniform traffic control devices adopted by the department under s. 84.02 (4) (e).
(43e) “Period of limited visibility” means any time that
weather conditions limit visibility such that objects on a highway
are not clearly discernible at 500 feet from the front of a vehicle.
(43fg) “Personal delivery device” means an electronically
powered device that satisfies all of the following:
(a) The device is intended primarily to transport property on
sidewalks and crosswalks.
(b) The device has an empty weight of less than 80 pounds,
excluding cargo.
(c) The device is capable of a maximum speed of 10 miles per
hour or less.
(d) The device is capable of operating with and without the
active control or monitoring by an individual.
(43fs) “Personal delivery device operator” means an entity or
its agent that exercises control over, or that monitors, the navigation system and operation of a personal delivery device. “Personal delivery device operator” does not include an entity or person that requests the services of a personal delivery device to
transport property or that only arranges for and dispatches the requested services of a personal delivery device.
(43g) “Person with a disability that limits or impairs the ability to walk” means any person with a disability as defined by the
federal Americans with disabilities act of 1990, 42 USC 12101 et
seq., so far as applicable, or any person who meets any of the following conditions:
(a) Cannot walk 200 feet or more without stopping to rest.
(b) Cannot walk without the use of, or assistance from, another person or a brace, cane, crutch, prosthetic device, wheelchair or other assistive device.
(c) Is restricted by lung disease to the extent that forced expiratory volume for one second when measured by spirometry is
less than one liter or the arterial oxygen tension is less than 60
millimeters of mercury on room air at rest.
(d) Uses portable oxygen.
(e) Has a cardiac condition to the extent that functional limitations are classified in severity as class III or IV, according to standards accepted by the American Heart Association on May 3,
1988.
(f) Is severely limited in the ability to walk due to an arthritic,
neurological or orthopedic condition.
(43m) “Play vehicle”:
(a) Means a coaster, skate board, roller skates, sled, toboggan,
unicycle or toy vehicle upon which a person may ride.
(b) Does not include in-line skates or electric scooters.
(44) “Pot torch” means a wick-type liquid-burning device designed to produce a steady burning flame as a warning signal.
(46) “Private road or driveway” is every way or place in private ownership and used for vehicular travel only by the owner
and those having express or implied permission from the owner
and every road or driveway upon the grounds of public institutions other than public schools, as defined in s. 115.01 (1), and
institutions under the jurisdiction of the county board of
supervisors.
(46m) “Prohibited alcohol concentration” means one of the
following:
(a) If the person has 2 or fewer prior convictions, suspensions,
or revocations, as counted under s. 343.307 (1), an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more.
(c) If the person is subject to an order under s. 343.301 or if
the person has 3 or more prior convictions, suspensions or revocations, as counted under s. 343.307 (1), an alcohol concentration
of more than 0.02.
(47) “Railroad crossing” means the intersection of any highway or private road or driveway at grade with tracks upon which
railroad track equipment or railroad trains operate.
(47e) “Railroad maintenance or construction area” means
any of the following:
(a) The entire section of roadway between the first advance
warning sign of railroad maintenance or construction work and a
sign indicating the end of the area.
(b) The entire section of roadway within 500 feet of a railroad
employee using flags to signal the presence of a railroad train or
other railroad vehicle or railroad employees.
(c) In the case of a moving vehicle engaged in railroad maintenance or construction work, that section of roadway where the
normal flow of traffic is first altered by the vehicle until that section of roadway where traffic may return to its normal flow without impeding such work.
(47m) “Railroad track equipment” means a device that is operated on rails and used primarily for the maintenance of
railroads.
(48) “Railroad train” means every device with or without engine or motor and whether or not coupled to other similar devices, operated upon rails for the transporting of persons or
property.
(48m) “Record of conviction” means a report of conviction
furnished to the department by a federally recognized American
Indian tribe or band in this state or by another jurisdiction or as
required by chs. 340 to 349 and 351.
(48r) “Recreational vehicle” means a vehicle that is designed
to be towed upon a highway by a motor vehicle, that is equipped
and used, or intended to be used, primarily for temporary or
recreational human habitation, and that does not exceed 46 feet in
length. “Recreational vehicle” includes a camping trailer, 5thwheel recreational vehicle, park model recreational vehicle, as
defined in s. 218.10 (7m) , and travel trailer, as defined in s.
218.10 (8v).
(49) “Reflector” means a device designed to warn an approaching driver by reflected light from the headlamps on the approaching vehicle.
(50) “Residence district” means the territory contiguous to a

highway not comprising a business district where the frontage on
such highway for a distance of 300 feet or more is mainly occupied by dwellings or by dwellings and buildings in use for
business.
(50m) “Restricted controlled substance” means any of the
following:
(a) A controlled substance included in schedule I under ch.
961 other than a tetrahydrocannabinol.
(am) The heroin metabolite 6-monoacetylmorphine.
(b) A controlled substance analog, as defined in s. 961.01
(4m), of a controlled substance described in par. (a).
(c) Cocaine or any of its metabolites.
(d) Methamphetamine.
(e) Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, excluding its precursors or
metabolites, at a concentration of one or more nanograms per
milliliter of a person’s blood.
(51) “Right-of-way” means the privilege of the immediate
use of the roadway.
(52) “Road machinery” means a piece of mobile machinery
or equipment not covered by s. 341.26 (1) (d), such as ditch digging apparatus, power shovels, drag lines and earth-moving
equipment, or a piece of road construction or maintenance machinery, such as asphalt spreaders, bituminous mixers, bucket
loaders, ditchers, leveling graders, finishing machines, motor
graders, paving mixers, road rollers, scarifiers, gravel crushers,
screening plants, scrapers, tractors, earth movers, front- or rearend loaders, conveyors, road pavers, or construction shacks. The
foregoing enumeration is intended to be illustrative and does not
exclude other similar vehicles which are within the general terms
of this subsection, whether used for road construction and maintenance or not, which are not designed or used primarily for
transportation of persons or property and only incidentally operated or moved upon a highway.
(53) “Road tractor” means a motor vehicle designed and used
for drawing other vehicles and not so constructed as to carry any
load thereon either independently or any part of the weight of the
vehicle or load so drawn.
(54) “Roadway” means that portion of a highway between the
regularly established curb lines or that portion which is improved,
designed or ordinarily used for vehicular travel, excluding the
berm or shoulder. In a divided highway the term “roadway”
refers to each roadway separately but not to all such roadways
collectively.
(55) “Safety zone” means the area or space officially set
apart within a roadway for the exclusive use of pedestrians, including those about to board or alighting from public conveyances, and which is protected or is so marked or indicated by
adequate signs as to be plainly visible at all times while set apart
as a safety zone.
(55g) “Salvage vehicle” means a vehicle less than 7 years old
that is not precluded from subsequent registration and titling and
that is damaged by collision or other occurrence to the extent that
the estimated or actual cost, whichever is greater, of repairing the
vehicle exceeds 70 percent of its fair market value. The term does
not include a hail-damaged vehicle unless the vehicle is repaired
with any replacement part, as defined in s. 632.38 (1) (e).
(55r) “Salvage vehicle purchaser” means a person, including
an insurer or motor vehicle dealer, who purchases or otherwise
obtains possession of a salvage vehicle.
(55u) “Sanitation worker” means an individual engaged in
the collection and transport of solid waste and recyclables.
(56) “School bus”:
(a) Means a motor vehicle which carries 10 or more passengers in addition to the operator or a motor vehicle painted in accordance with s. 347.44 (1) for the purpose of transporting:
1. Pupils to or from a public school as defined in s. 115.01
(1) or a private school as defined in s. 115.001 (3r) or pupils to or
from a technical college when required under s. 118.15 (1).
2. Pupils to or from curricular or extracurricular activities.
3. Pupils to or from religious instruction on days when
school is in session.
4. Children with disabilities, as defined under s. 115.76 (5),
to or from an educational program approved by the department of
public instruction.
(am) Means a motor vehicle which is painted in accordance
with s. 347.44 (1) and is used for the purpose of transporting individuals with disabilities as defined in s. 85.22 (2) (bm) or seniors
as defined in s. 85.22 (2) (d) in connection with any transportation assistance program for seniors or individuals with
disabilities.
(b) Does not include:
1. A motor vehicle owned or operated by a parent or guardian
transporting only his or her own children, regardless of whether a
school has made a contract with or paid compensation to such
parent or guardian for such transportation.
2. A motor vehicle operated as an alternative method of
transportation under s. 121.555.
3. A motor bus operated for purposes specified in par. (a) 2.
4. A motor vehicle operated in an urban mass transit system
as defined in s. 85.20 (1) (e) and (L).
(56f) “Secretary” means the secretary of transportation.
(56m) “Secured party” has the meaning given in s. 409.102
(1) (rs).
(56n) “Security agreement” has the meaning given in s.
409.102 (1) (s).
(56o) “Security interest” means a security interest as defined
in s. 401.201 (2) (t).
(57) “Semitrailer” means a vehicle of the trailer type so designed and used in conjunction with a motor vehicle that some
part of its own weight and that of its own load rests upon or is carried by another vehicle, but does not include a mobile home. A
vehicle used with a ready-mix motor truck to spread the load is
considered a semitrailer.
(57m) “Service road” means every highway that runs generally parallel to but is separated from the main roadway by a physical barrier and primarily intended to provide access to the abutting property and not for use of through traffic.
(58) “Sidewalk” means that portion of a highway between the
curb lines, or the lateral lines of a roadway, and the adjacent property lines, constructed for use of pedestrians.
(58a) “Snowmobile” means an engine-driven vehicle that is
manufactured solely for snowmobiling, that has an endless belt
tread and sled-type runners, or skis, to be used in contact with
snow but does not include such a vehicle that is any of the
following:
(a) A vehicle that has inflatable tires.
(b) A vehicle that is driven by a motor of 4 horsepower or less
and that is operated in sanctioned races, derbies, competitions or
exhibitions or only on private property.
(59) “Spotlamp” means an auxiliary driving lamp used primarily to supplement the headlamps in providing general illumination ahead of the vehicle, usually mounted and designed so it
can be controlled by the operator of the vehicle for the purpose of
reading signs and illuminating objects to the side of or beyond the
scope of the regular headlamp beams.
(59m) “Stand or standing” means the temporary halting of a

vehicle, whether occupied or not, except for the purpose of and
while actually engaged in receiving or discharging passengers.
(60) “State trunk highway” means any highway designated
pursuant to s. 84.02 or 84.29 as part of the state trunk highway
system, exclusive of connecting highways.
(62) “Stop” when required means complete cessation from
movement.
(63) “Stop lamp” means a device giving a steady warning
light to the rear of a vehicle to indicate the intention of the operator of the vehicle to diminish speed or stop.
(64) “Street” means every highway within the corporate limits of a city or village except alleys.
(66) “Tail lamp” means a device to designate the rear of a vehicle by a warning light.
(67) “Through highway” means every highway or portion
thereof which has been declared by the state or local authorities
pursuant to s. 349.07 to be a through highway and at the entrances
to which vehicular traffic from intersecting highways is required
by traffic control signals or stop signs to stop.
(67m) “Tour trains” means 3 or less trailer type vehicles designed for carrying passengers on educational or recreational excursions, not exceeding a maximum overall length of 50 feet, including the propelling motor vehicle, for being drawn individually or in tandem by a motor vehicle.
(67n) “Tow truck” means a motor vehicle that is equipped
with mechanical or hydraulic lifting devices or winches capable
of, and used for, the recovery or transport or both of wrecked, disabled, abandoned, used or replacement vehicles.
(67r) “Tractor-semitrailer combination” means a combination of 2 vehicles consisting of either a truck tractor and a semitrailer or a road tractor and a semitrailer.
(68) “Traffic” means pedestrians, ridden or herded or driven
animals, vehicles and other conveyances, either singly or together,
while using any highway for the purpose of travel.
(69) “Traffic control signal” means any device, whether manually, electrically or mechanically operated, by which traffic is alternately directed to stop and permitted to proceed.
(70) “Traffic officer” means every officer authorized by law
to direct or regulate traffic or to make arrests for violation of traffic regulations and also includes, for purposes of enforcing s.
346.505 (2) or any local ordinance in conformity with s. 346.505
(2) or any prohibition established under s. 349.13 (1m), any person who is employed by a municipality or county and is designated by that municipality or county as authorized to enforce violations of s. 346.505 (2) or a local ordinance in conformity with s.
346.505 (2) or any prohibition established under s. 349.13 (1m).
(71) “Trailer” means a vehicle without motive power designed for carrying property or passengers wholly on its own
structure and for being drawn by a motor vehicle, but does not include a mobile home.
(71n) “Transferee” means any person, including the state and
its political subdivisions, to whom ownership of a motor vehicle
is transferred by purchase, gift or any means other than by creation of a security interest or who, as agent, signs a mileage disclosure statement required under s. 342.155 for such person.
(71p) “Transferor” means any person, including the state and
its political subdivisions, a dealer, an auction company acting as
an agent, a motor vehicle salvage pool, an insurance company or
a leasing or rental company with respect to motor vehicle sales,
who transfers his or her ownership in a motor vehicle by sale, gift
or any means other than by creation of a security interest or who,
as agent, signs a mileage disclosure statement required under s.
342.155 for such person.
(72) “Transporter” means any of the following:
(a) A person who is engaged in this state in the business of
transporting and delivering motor vehicles, trailers, semitrailers
or recreational vehicles in tow on their own wheels or under their
own power from a distributor, a dealer, the manufacturer, or a
branch of the manufacturer to the purchaser, or from any location
to a distributor, a dealer, the manufacturer, or a branch of the
manufacturer, and who is a 3rd party with no ownership interest
in the vehicles.
(b) A person who manufactures or installs on previously assembled truck chassis special bodies or equipment which when
installed form an integral part of the motor vehicle and which
constitutes a major manufacturing alteration, or who is engaged
in modifying or converting previously assembled or manufactured complete motor vehicles, but who is not the owner of the
vehicle

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