Wisconsin Code § 31.23

Forfeitures; private bridges and dams
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(1) Every person who constructs or maintains in navigable waters or
aids in the construction or maintenance therein of any bridge or
dam not authorized by law, shall forfeit for each such offense, and
for each day that the free navigation of such waters are obstructed
by such bridge or dam a sum not exceeding $50.
(2) Every person or corporation violating any of the provisions of this chapter, other than those mentioned in sub. (1), or violating any order made by the department pursuant to this chapter, shall forfeit for each such violation not more than $1,000.
(3) (a) There shall be no forfeiture under this section in any
case where a bridge is built by a private citizen across any navigable waters having a width of 35 feet or more, providing such
bridge does not impair the rights of the public for purposes of
navigation or fishing.
(b) No such bridge shall be maintained unless its construction
shall first be approved by the department after public hearing and
on not less than 10 days’ written notice to the applicant and to the
county and town clerks of the county and town wherein all or a
portion of the proposed bridge is to be located.
(c) Each applicant who shall apply to the department for a
permit to construct any such bridge shall state in the application
the proposed location of the bridge, the depth of the water to be
spanned, the materials to be used in the construction of the
bridge, the plans of the proposed bridge, together with such other
facts as the department may require.
(d) Every such bridge used by the public shall at all times be
maintained in a safe condition by the owners of the land abutting
the approaches of the bridge, and the owners shall make such repairs as are reasonably necessary therefor. The town shall not become liable for any damages resulting from the insufficiency or
want of repairs of such bridge. If the department upon inspection
finds that such bridge is in need of repairs, it shall notify the owners responsible for the repairs thereof, and also send a copy of
such notice to the town board, to make all repairs as are reasonably necessary therefor. If such repair work as ordered by the department is not commenced within 60 days after receipt of such
notice, the department may close such bridge until it is so repaired. Whenever any owner responsible for such bridge shall
fail to repair or maintain the bridge in a good and safe condition,
after having been notified so to do by the department for 60 days
after such notification, such town board upon its own initiative
may make such required repairs on such bridge, and the cost
thereof shall be paid by the owners responsible therefor, and the
town clerk shall enter such amount of the cost of repairs upon the
next tax roll of the town.
(e) This subsection does not apply to a bridge that is constructed, maintained, or operated in association with mining or
bulk sampling that is subject to subch. III of ch. 295.

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