Wisconsin Code § 198.17

Eminent domain procedure
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(1) DEFINITIONS.
In this section:
(a) “Declaration” means a resolution or ordinance adopted by
the directors of a district under sub. (1g) which identifies the utility which the district seeks to acquire.
(b) “Owner” means the owner of a utility, and, for purposes of
the service of documents on the owner, includes all agents and
representatives of the owner.
(c) “Utility” includes a portion of a public utility, including
any water power and hydroelectric power plant owned and operated with the utility.
(1g) DECLARATION OF INTENTION TO ACQUIRE UTILITY. A
district, by resolution or ordinance, adopted by the affirmative
votes of two-thirds of its directors-elect, may declare the determination of the district to acquire any existing utility, which is operated in whole or in part in the district. Upon adoption of the declaration, the clerk of the district shall serve immediately on the
commission and the owner a copy of the declaration, certified by
the clerk under the seal of the district.
(1m) VOLUNTARY SALE OF UTILITY. (a) Within 30 days after
service of the declaration upon the owner, the owner may propose
to sell the utility to the district upon terms and conditions to be
mutually agreed upon between the owner and the directors and
approved by the commission. The owner shall serve a copy of the
proposal upon the district and the commission. The commission
shall fix a time and place for a public hearing and consideration
of the proposal and notify the owner and the district of the
hearing.
(b) If terms and conditions of the sale of the utility to the district are agreed upon by the directors and the owner and approved
by the commission, all of the following shall occur:

1. The commission shall announce its approval of the sale in
writing.
2. The directors shall by resolution authorize and direct the
written execution on the part of the district of each contract and
instrument and the taking of every other action necessary to consummate the sale to the district of the utility in accordance with
the terms of the agreement between the owner and the district.
(2) DETERMINATION OF COMPENSATION. (a) If the owner
has consented in any manner provided by law to the purchase of
the utility by the public or any municipality and one of the following applies, the commission and the parties shall proceed to
determine, in the manner provided in ss. 197.05 to 197.09, the
just compensation to be paid to the owner by the district for the
utility identified in the declaration:
1. The owner fails to make and serve a proposal to sell the
utility identified in the declaration in the time and manner described in sub. (1m).
2. The owner and the directors fail to agree upon terms and
conditions for the sale of the utility identified in the declaration to
the district.
3. The commission fails to approve the terms of sale of the
utility identified in the declaration agreed upon by the owner and
the directors.
(b) Upon the determination of just compensation for the utility identified in the declaration, the commission shall certify to
the district and the owner the amount of compensation to be paid
for the utility identified in the declaration, and the directors shall
provide for and authorize payment of that amount to the parties
entitled to payment.
(3) ACTION TO DETERMINE NECESSITY OF TAKING OF UTILITY. (a) If the owner of the utility identified in the declaration
has not consented in any manner provided by law and has not become legally bound to consent to the purchase by the public or
any municipality of the utility, the general counsel of the district
shall, before proceedings are had under sub. (2), commence an
action to determine the necessity of the taking of the utility by the
district. The action shall be brought in the name and behalf of the
district in the circuit court for the county in which the principal
administrative office of the district is located against the owner of
the utility as defendant praying the court for an adjudication of
the necessity of the taking. The complaint in the action shall be
served with the summons.
(b) The defendant owner shall answer in the action commenced under par. (a) within 10 days after service of the summons and complaint on the owner and the action shall be at issue
and stand ready for trial upon 10 days’ notice by either party. Unless the parties waive a jury, the question as to the necessity of the
taking of the utility by the district shall be as speedily as possible
submitted to a jury. If the jury or the court, in case a jury is
waived, finds that a necessity exists for the taking by the district
of the utility, to which the owner shall not have consented, the directors shall cause speedy notice of the finding of necessity to be
certified to the commission and the owner. The commission and
the parties shall then proceed to the ascertainment of the just
compensation to be paid by the district to the owner for the utility.
The consummation of the transfer of the utility to the district and
the payment of the compensation to the owner shall be in the
manner provided in sub. (2).
(4) MUNICIPAL UTILITY EXEMPTION. No utility owned by any
municipality within the district shall be acquired by the district,
except by mutual agreement pursuant to sub. (1m), until the district has first obtained, from the commission, after notice and
hearing accorded to the municipality, a certificate that public necessity and convenience require that the utility be owned and operated by the district. If the certificate is granted the consummation of the acquisition shall be in the manner provided in sub. (2).
(5) ACQUISITION OF PART OF UTILITY. (a) If the directors of
the district determine that the district should acquire any part of
the physical property of any utility which is or may be owned and
operated as an entirety, the directors shall, before adopting any
resolution or ordinance declaring the determination of the district
to acquire the property, apply to the commission for and obtain
the commission’s certificate of authority to do so. The application of the district for the certificate shall state with reasonable
certainty the part of the utility proposed to be acquired and the
part of the utility not proposed to be acquired. The application
shall also state the facts with respect to the properties to be acquired and the considerations on which the board of directors rely
to show that only the part of the utility sought by the district
should be acquired by the district. A copy of the application shall
be served upon the owner of the utility affected and upon any municipality, whether within or without the district, in which the
utility operates or furnishes any service.
(b) The commission shall fix a time and place for hearing the
application made under par. (a) and shall give 10 days’ notice of
the hearing to all parties interested. The commission shall conduct a public hearing and investigation concerning the matters alleged in the application and shall make and file written findings
and conclusions with respect to those matters. Before approving
the application and granting the certificate of authority applied
for, the commission shall ascertain and find:
1. That the acquisition by the district of the part of the utility,
as proposed in the application, will be of greater financial, economic and industrial advantage to the district than the acquisition
of the utility as an entirety as operated.
2. That the acquisition by the district of the part of the utility,
as proposed in the application, will not result in any substantial
injury to public interests or impairment of public service that
would not result if the utility was acquired as an entirety and continued to be operated as an entirety.
3. That the acquisition by the district of the part of the utility,
as proposed in the application, will not render the part of the utility that will not be acquired incapable of continuing to render any
substantial public service being rendered by the utility adequately
and at reasonable rates, tolls or charges for the service.
(5m) ALTERNATIVE MODE OF ACQUIRING UTILITY. Upon the
initiation of steps for the formation of a district, or later, any municipality within a district or a proposed district may, in lieu of
the other procedure provided by this section, determine, as provided by s. 197.02, to acquire any utility operating within the municipality under the terms of an indeterminate permit, as defined
in s. 196.01, on behalf of and for the benefit of the district, subject
to the conditions and by the procedure set forth and described in
ch. 197. Any 2 or more municipalities within a district or proposed district may, in the same manner, determine to jointly acquire utilities operating within the municipalities, on behalf of
and for the benefit of the district. The municipalities and districts
may enter into contracts for the transfer and conveyance of the
utilities to the districts immediately upon the acquisition of the
utilities by the municipalities, and for the simultaneous payment
of the purchase price for the utilities by the districts. The municipalities and districts may join in any conveyances, and do all
such acts as are necessary to execute the contracts; subject to the
provisions of this chapter governing the powers of districts to enter into transactions, and incur indebtedness, generally.
(6) TECHNICALITIES. No error or omission of a technical nature not affecting a substantial right shall be held to invalidate or
impair any proceeding under this section or affect the legal result
thereof.

(7) COMMISSION’S EXPENSES. The necessary expenses of the
commission incurred by it in performing, at the instance of the
district, any duty imposed by this section shall be itemized and
charged by the commission to the district and shall be audited and
paid as other charges against the district are audited and paid.
(8) MUNICIPAL LOANS TO DISTRICTS. Any municipality situated within the boundaries of a district may provide for a loan to
the district to pay the preliminary organization and administration expenses of the district, on the terms that the governing bodies of the municipality and the district agree upon. The lending
municipality shall have the right, at its option, to receive bonds or
other obligations of the borrowing district of any issue, providing
for the payment of an amount of principal equal to that of the loan
authorized under this subsection, in place of the obligations created by the loan. The terms of a loan under this subsection shall
in every case provide that the municipality making the loan shall
receive interest from the date of the loan at not less than the rate
of interest provided for in the first bonds or other securities issued
by the district, to become due at the date of issue of the securities,
or at some specified date prior to or not more than one year after
the date of issue, subject to the limitation of total indebtedness of
the district contained in s. 198.14 (9).

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