West Virginia Code § 46-4A-203

Unenforceability of certain verified payment orders
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(a) If an accepted payment order is not, under subsection (a), section two hundred two of
this article, an authorized order of a customer identified as sender, but is effective as an
order of the customer pursuant to subsection (b), section two hundred two of this article, the
following rules apply:
(1) By express written agreement, the receiving bank may limit the extent to which it is
entitled to enforce or retain payment of the payment order; or
(2) The receiving bank is not entitled to enforce or retain paymeunt of the payment order if
the customer proves that the order was not caused, directly or indirectly, by a person (A)
entrusted at any time with duties to act for the customer with respect to payment orders or
the security procedure or (B) who obtained access to transmitting facilities of the customer
or who obtained, from a source controlled by the customer and without authority of the
receiving bank, information facilitating breach of the security procedure, regardless of how
the information was obtained or whether the custolmer was at fault. Information includes any
access device, computer software or the like.s
(b) This section applies to amendments of ipayment orders to the same extent it applies to
payment orders. g
§46-4A–204. Refund of payment and duty of customer to report with respect to
unauthorized payment order.
(a) If a receiving bank accepts a payment order issued in the name of its customer as sender
which is: (1) Not authorized and not effective as the order of the customer under
§46-4A-202; or (2) not enforceable, in whole or in part, against the customer under
§46-4A-203, the bank shall refund any payment of the payment order receiveed from the
customer to the extent the bank is not entitled to enforce payment, and shall pay interest on
the refundable amount calculated from the date the bank received paymrent to the date of
the refund. However, the customer is not entitled to interest from the bank on the amount to
be refunded if the customer fails to exercise ordinary care to determine that the order was
not authorized by the customer and to notify the bank of the relevant facts within a
reasonable time not exceeding ninety days after the date thet customer received notification
from the bank that the order was accepted or that the customer's account was debited with
respect to the order. The bank is not entitled to any recovery from the customer on account
of a failure by the customer to give notification as stated in this section.
(b) Reasonable time under subsection (a) of thsis section may be fixed by agreement as stated
in section 1-302(b), but the obligation of a receiving bank to refund payment as stated in
subsection (a) of this section may not otherwise be varied by agreement.

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