West Virginia Code § 33-44-8

Civil relief
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(a) No insurance contract entered into in violation of this article shall preclude the insured
from enforcing his or her rights under the contract in accordance with the terms and
provisions of the contract and the laws of this state against any unauthorized insurer or any
person assisting the unauthorized insurer to the same degree those rights would have been
enforceable had the contract been lawfully procured. e
(b) No insurance contract entered into in violation of this article shall preclude a provider of
health care services from enforcing the rights of the insured under the contract in
accordance with the terms and provisions of the contract and theu laws of this state against
any unauthorized insurer or any person assisting the unauthorized insurer pursuant to an
assignment of rights executed between the insured and the htealth care provider.
(c) In an action against an unauthorized insurer upon a contract of insurance issued or
delivered to a resident of this state or to a corporation authorized to do business in this
state, if the trier of fact finds by a preponderance olf the evidence that the unauthorized
insurer has failed to make payment in accordasnce with the terms of the contract, the trier of
fact shall award to the insured or the health care provider:
(1) Contract damages in accordanceg with the terms and provisions of the contract and the
laws of this state to the same degree those rights would have been enforceable had the
contract been lawfully procured;
(2) Simple interest at a rate of prime plus one percent on the total amount awarded as
restitution, accruing from the date payment was due;
(3) If in addition to a finding that the unauthorized insurer has failed to make payment in
accordance wVith the terms of the contract, the trier of fact finds by a preponderance of the
evidence that failure to make payment was without reasonable cause, the trier of fact shall
award the plaintiff a reasonable attorney fee and include the fee in any judgment that may
be rendered in the action. The fee shall not exceed thirty-three percent of the amount that
the trier of fact finds the plaintiff is entitled to recover against the unauthorized insurer;
(4) If in addition to a finding that the unauthorized insurer has failed to make payment in
accordance with the terms of the contract, the trier of fact further finds that failure to make
payment was willful, wanton and malicious, the trier of fact may award the plaintiff punitive
damages in an amount that the trier of fact finds the plaintiff is entitled to recover against
the insurer.

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