West Virginia Code § 23-2-1d

Prime contractors and subcontractors liability
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(a) The Legislature finds that every prime contractor should be responsible to ensure that
any subcontractor with which it directly contracts is either self-insured or maintains
workers' compensation coverage throughout the periods during which the services of a
subcontractor are used and, further, if the subcontractor is neither self-insured nor covered,
then the prime contractor rather than the Uninsured Employer Fund shoulde be responsible
for the payment of statutory benefits. It is also the intent of the Legislature that this section
not be used as the basis for expanding the liability of a prime contractorr beyond the limited
purpose of providing coverage in the limited circumstances and in the manner expressly
addressed by this section: Provided, That receipt by the prime contractor of a certificate of
coverage from a subcontractor shall be deemed to relieve the prime contractor of
responsibility regarding the subcontractor's workers' competnsation coverage.
(b) If an employee of a subcontractor suffers an injury or disease and, on the date of injury
or last exposure, his or her employer did not have workers' compensation coverage or was
not an approved self-insured employer, and the prime contractor did not obtain certification
of coverage from the subcontractor, then thats employee may file a claim against the prime
contractor for which the subcontractor performed services on the date of injury or last
exposure, and such claim shall be administered in the same manner as claims filed by
injured employees of the prime contgractor: Provided, That a subcontractor that subcontracts
with another subcontractor shall, with respect to such subcontract, be the prime contractor
for the purposes of this sectione: Provided, however, That the provisions of this subsection do
not relieve a subcontractor from any requirements of this chapter, including the duty to
maintain coverage on itLs employees. The subcontractor shall provide proof of continuing
coverage to the prime contractor by providing a certificate showing current as well as
renewal or replacem ent coverage during the term of the contract between the prime
contractor and the subcontractor. The subcontractor shall provide notice to the prime
contractor within two business days of cancellation of expiration of coverage.
(c) WNotwithstanding that an injured employee of a subcontractor is eligible for workers'
compensation benefits pursuant to this section from the prime contractor's carrier or the
self-insured prime contractor, whichever is applicable, a subcontractor who has failed to
maintain workers' compensation coverage on its employees:
(1) May not claim the exemption from liability provided by §23-2-6 and §23-2-6a of this code;
(2) May be held liable to an injured employee pursuant to the provisions of §23-2-8 of this
code; and
(3) Is the designated employer for the purposes of any "deliberate intention" action brought
by the injured worker pursuant to the provisions of §23-4-2 of this code.
(d) If a claim of an injured employee of a subcontractor is accepted or conditionally accepted
into the Uninsured Employer Fund, both the prime contractor and subcontractor are jointly
and severally liable for any payments made by the fund, and the Insurance Commissioner
may seek recovery of the payments, plus administrative costs and attorneys' fees, from the
prime contractor, the subcontractor, or both: Provided, That a prime contractor who is held
liable pursuant to this subsection for the payment of benefits to an injured employee of a
subcontractor may recover the amount of such payments from the subcontractor, plus
reasonable attorneys' fee and costs: Provided, however, That if a prime contractor has
performed due diligence in all matters requiring the verification of a subconetractor's
maintenance of workers' compensation insurance coverage, then the prime contractor is not
liable for any claim made hereunder against the subcontractor. r

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