(1) Cities and counties planning under this chapter must allow co-living housing as a permitted use on any lot located within an urban growth area that allows at least six multifamily residential units, including on a lot zoned for mixed-use development. (2) A city or county subject to the provisions of this section may not require co-living housing to: (a) Contain room dimensional standards larger than that required by the state building code, including dwelling unit size, sleeping unit size, room area, and habitable space; (b) Provide a mix of unit sizes or number of bedrooms; or (c) Include other uses. (3)(a) A city or county subject to the provisions of this section also may not require co-living housing to: (i) Provide off-street parking within one-half mile walking distance of a major transit stop; or (ii) Provide more than 0.25 off-street parking spaces per sleeping unit. (b) The provisions of (a) of this subsection do not apply: (i) If a city or county submits to the department an empirical study prepared by a credentialed transportation or land use planning expert that clearly demonstrates, and the department finds and certifies, that the application of the parking limitations of (a) of this subsection will be significantly less safe for vehicle drivers or passengers, pedestrians, or bicyclists than if the jurisdiction's parking requirements were applied to the same location. The department must develop guidance to assist cities and counties on items to include in the study; or (ii) To portions of cities within a one-mile radius of a commercial airport in Washington with at least 9,000,000 annual enplanements. (4) A city or county may not require through development regulations any standards for co-living housing that are more restrictive than those that are required for other types of multifamily residential uses in the same zone. (5) A city or county may only require a review, notice, or public meeting for co-living housing that is required for other types of residential uses in the same location, unless otherwise required by state law including, but not limited to, shoreline regulations under chapter 90.58 RCW. (6) A city or county may not exclude co-living housing from participating in affordable housing incentive programs under RCW 36.70A.540. (7) A city or county may not treat a sleeping unit in co-living housing as more than one-quarter of a dwelling unit for purposes of calculating dwelling unit density. (8) A city or county may not treat a sleeping unit in co-living housing as more than one-half of a dwelling unit for purposes of calculating fees for sewer connections, unless the city or county makes a finding, based on facts, that the connection fees should exceed the one-half threshold. (9)(a) A city or county subject to the requirements of this section must adopt or amend by ordinance and incorporate into their development regulations, zoning regulations, and other official controls the requirements of this section to take effect no later than December 31, 2025. (b) In any city or county that has not adopted or amended ordinances, regulations, or other official controls as required under this section, the requirements of this section supersede, preempt, and invalidate any conflicting local development regulations. (10) Any action taken by a city or county to comply with the requirements of this section is not subject to legal challenge under this chapter or chapter 43.21C RCW. (11) For the purposes of this section, the following definitions apply: (a) "Co-living housing" means a residential development with sleeping units that are independently rented and lockable and provide living and sleeping space, and residents share kitchen facilities with other sleeping units in the building. Local governments may use other names to refer to co-living housing including, but not limited to, congregate living facilities, single room occupancy, rooming house, boarding house, lodging house, and residential suites. (b) "Major transit stop" means: (i) A stop on a high capacity transportation system funded or expanded under the provisions of chapter 81.104 RCW; (ii) Commuter rail stops; (iii) Stops on rail or fixed guideway systems, including transitways; (iv) Stops on bus rapid transit routes or routes that run on high occupancy vehicle lanes; or (v) Stops for a bus or other transit mode providing actual fixed route service at intervals of at least 15 minutes for at least five hours during the peak hours of operation on weekdays. [ 2024 c 180 s 2.]
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