of property without warrant. (1) Search warrants relating to offenses involving controlled substances may be authorized in accordance with the Utah Rules of Criminal Procedure. (2) Issuance and execution of administrative inspection warrants shall be as follows: (a) (i) Any judge or magistrate of this state within the judge's or magistrate's jurisdiction upon proper oath or affirmation showing probable cause, may issue warrants for the purpose of conducting administrative inspections authorized by this chapter or Title 76, Chapter 18, Part 2, Offenses Concerning Controlled Substances, or regulations thereunder and seizures of property appropriate to such inspections. (ii) Probable cause for purposes of this chapter or Title 76, Chapter 18, Part 2, Offenses Concerning Controlled Substances, exists upon showing a valid public interest in the effective enforcement of the chapter or Title 76, Chapter 18, Part 2, Offenses Concerning Controlled Substances, or rules promulgated thereunder sufficient to justify administrative inspection of the area, premises, building, or conveyance in the circumstances specified in the application for the warrant. (b) (i) A warrant shall issue only upon an affidavit of an officer or employee duly designated and having knowledge of the facts alleged sworn to before a judge or magistrate that establish the grounds for issuing the warrant; (ii) if the judge or magistrate is satisfied that grounds for the application exist or that there is probable cause to believe that grounds for the application exist, the judge or magistrate shall issue a warrant identifying the area, premises, building, or conveyance to be inspected, the purpose of the inspection, and if appropriate, the type of property to be inspected; and (iii) the warrant shall: (A) state the grounds for the warrant's issuance and the name of each individual whose affidavit has been taken to support the warrant; (B) be directed to a person authorized by Section 58-37-204 of this chapter to execute the warrant; (C) command the person to whom the warrant is directed to inspect the area, premises, building, or conveyance identified for the purpose specified and if appropriate, direct the seizure of the property the warrant specifies; (D) identify the item or types of property to be seized, if any; and (E) direct that the warrant be served during normal business hours and designate the judge or magistrate to whom the warrant shall be returned. (c) (i) A warrant issued pursuant to this section must be executed and returned within 10 days after the date of the warrant unless, upon a showing of a need for additional time, the court instructs otherwise in the warrant. (ii) If property is seized pursuant to a warrant, the person executing the warrant shall give to the person from whom or from whose premises the property was taken a copy of the warrant and a receipt for the property taken, or leave the copy and receipt at the place where the property was taken. (iii) Return of the warrant shall be made promptly and be accompanied by a written inventory of any property taken. (iv) The inventory shall be made in the presence of the person executing the warrant and of the person from whose possession or premises the property was taken, if they are present, or in the presence of at least one credible person other than the person executing the warrant. (v) A copy of the inventory shall be delivered to the person from whom or from whose premises the property was taken and to the applicant for the warrant. (d) The judge or magistrate who issues the warrant under this section shall attach a copy of the return and all other papers to the warrant and file the papers and warrant with the court. (3) The department is authorized to make administrative inspections of controlled premises in accordance with the following provisions: (a) For purposes of this section only, "controlled premises" means: (i) places where persons licensed or exempted from licensing requirements under this chapter are required to keep records; or (ii) places including factories, warehouses, establishments, and conveyances where persons licensed or exempted from licensing requirements are permitted to possess, manufacture, compound, process, sell, deliver, or otherwise dispose of any controlled substance. (b) When authorized by an administrative inspection warrant, a law enforcement officer or employee designated in Section 58-37-204, upon presenting the warrant and appropriate credentials to the owner, operator, or agent in charge, has the right to enter controlled premises for the purpose of conducting an administrative inspection. (c) When authorized by an administrative inspection warrant, a law enforcement officer or employee designated in Section 58-37-204 has the right: (i) to inspect and copy records required by this chapter; (ii) to inspect within reasonable limits and a reasonable manner, the controlled premises and all pertinent equipment, finished and unfinished material, containers, and labeling found, and except as provided in Subsection (3)(e), all other things including records, files, papers, processes, controls, and facilities subject to regulation and control by this chapter or by rules promulgated by the department; and (iii) to inventory and take stock of any controlled substance and obtain samples of any substance. (d) This section shall not be construed to prevent the inspection of books and records without a warrant in accordance with an administrative subpoena issued by a court or the department, nor shall this section be construed to prevent entries and administrative inspections including seizures of property without a warrant: (i) with the consent of the owner, operator, or agent in charge of the controlled premises; (ii) in situations presenting imminent danger to health or safety; (iii) in situations involving inspection of conveyances where there is reasonable cause to believe that the mobility of the conveyance makes obtaining a warrant impracticable; (iv) in any other exceptional or emergency circumstance where time or opportunity to apply for a warrant is lacking; and (v) in all other situations where a warrant is not constitutionally required. (e) No inspection authorized by this section shall extend to financial data, sales data, other than shipment data, or pricing data unless the owner, operator, or agent in charge of the controlled premises consents in writing. Renumbered and Amended by Chapter 362, 2026 General Session
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