(a) Use of restraints.-- Except as provided for in subsection (b), restraints such as handcuffs, chains, shackles, irons or straitjackets shall be removed prior to the commencement of a court proceeding. (b) Exception.-- Restraints may be used during a court proceeding if the court determines on the record, after providing the child with an opportunity to be heard, that they are necessary: (1) to prevent physical harm to the child or another person; (2) to prevent disruptive courtroom behavior, evidenced by a history of behavior that created potentially harmful situations or presented substantial risk of physical harm; or (3) to prevent the child, evidenced by an escape history or other relevant factors, from fleeing the courtroom.
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