North Dakota Code § 9-16-04

Use of electronic records and electronic signatures - Variation by agreement
Open in Lexace · Ask the AI about this section
1. This chapter does not require a record or signature to be created, generated, sent, 
communicated, received, stored, or otherwise processed or used by electronic means 
or in electronic form.
2. This chapter applies only to transactions between parties each of which has agreed to 
conduct transactions by electronic means. Whether the parties agree to conduct 
transactions by electronic means is determined from the context and surrounding 
circumstances, including the parties' conduct.
3. If a party agrees to conduct a transaction by electronic means, this chapter does not 
prohibit the party from refusing to conduct other transactions by electronic means. This 
subsection may not be varied by agreement.
4. Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, the effect of any of this chapter's 
provisions may be varied by agreement. The presence in certain provisions of this 
chapter of the words "unless otherwise agreed", or words of similar import, does not 
imply that the effect of other provisions may not be varied by agreement.
5. Whether an electronic record or electronic signature has legal consequences is 
determined by this chapter and other applicable law.

‹ Prev All North Dakota sections Next ›


Lexace provides legal information, not legal advice, and no attorney–client relationship is created. Statute text is provided for general information and may not reflect the most recent amendments; verify against the official state code.