North Dakota Code § 38-08-07

Commission shall set spacing units
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The commission shall set spacing units as follows:
1. When necessary to prevent waste, to avoid the drilling of unnecessary wells, or to 
protect correlative rights, the commission shall establish spacing units for a pool. 
Spacing units when established must be of uniform size and shape for the entire pool, 
except that when found to be necessary for any of the purposes above mentioned, the 
commission is authorized to divide any pool into zones and establish spacing units for 
each zone, which units may differ in size and shape from those established in any 
other zone.
2. The size and shape of spacing units are to be such as will result in the efficient and 
economical development of the pool as a whole.
3. An order establishing spacing units for a pool must specify the size and shape of each 
unit and the location of the permitted well thereon in accordance with a reasonably 
uniform spacing plan. Upon application, if the commission finds that a well drilled at 
the prescribed location would not produce in paying quantities, that surface conditions 
would substantially add to the burden or hazard of drilling such well, or that the drilling 
of such well at a location other than the prescribed location is otherwise necessary 
either to protect correlative rights, to prevent waste, or to effect greater ultimate 
recovery of oil and gas, the commission is authorized to enter an order permitting the 
well to be drilled at a location other than that prescribed by such spacing order; 
however, the commission shall include in the order suitable provisions to prevent the 
production from the spacing unit of more than its just and equitable share of the oil and 
gas in the pool.
4. An order establishing units for a pool must cover all lands determined or believed to be 
underlaid by such pool, and may be modified by the commission from time to time to 
include additional areas determined to be underlaid by such pool. When found 
necessary for the prevention of waste, or to avoid the drilling of unnecessary wells, or 
to protect correlative rights, an order establishing spacing units in a pool may be 
modified by the commission to increase or decrease the size of spacing units in the 
pool or any zone thereof, or to permit the drilling of additional wells on a reasonably 
uniform plan in the pool, or any zone thereof, or an additional well on any spacing unit 
thereof.

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