North Dakota Code § 32-48-01

Definitions
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As used in this chapter:
1. "COVID-19" means:
a. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 identified as SARS -CoV-2 and 
any mutation or viral fragments of SARS-CoV-2; and
b. Any disease or condition caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 
coronavirus 2 identified as SARS-CoV-2.
2. "Disinfecting or cleaning supplies" includes hand sanitizers, disinfectants, disinfecting 
sprays, and disinfecting wipes.
3. "Health care facility" means any facility in which health care services are provided and 
includes a hospital, special care unit, skilled nursing facility, intermediate care facility, 
basic care facility, assisted living facility, ambulatory surgical center, freestanding 
emergency department, rural primary care hospital, critical access hospital, inpatient 
hospice facility, including a clinic not located on a hospital's primary campus, health 
maintenance organization, home health agency, any field hospital, modular 
field-treatment facility, or other alternative care facility designated by the department of 
health and human services for temporary use related to the COVID -19 state of 
emergency, and a diagnostic, examination, treatment, imaging, or rehabilitation center.
4. "Health care provider" means an individual or entity licensed, certified, or otherwise 
authorized to provide health care services in this state whether paid or unpaid. The 
term includes:
a. The employer or agent of a health care provider that provides or arranges a 
health care service;
b. A person engaged in telemedicine or telehealth; and
c. A volunteer or military member who is approved by or works under the direction 
of the department of health and human services and who provides health care 
services in response to the COVID-19 state of emergency.
5. "Intentional" means when engaging in the conduct, it is the person's purpose to do so.
6. "Personal protective equipment" means equipment worn to prevent or minimize 
exposure to hazards that cause injuries or illnesses.
7. "Premises" means any real property, any appurtenant building or structure, and any 
vehicle serving a residential, agricultural, commercial, industrial, educational, religious, 
governmental, cultural, charitable, or health care purpose.
8. "Qualified product" means:
a. Personal protective equipment used to protect the wearer from COVID -19 or to 
prevent the spread of COVID-19.
b. A medical device or equipment used to treat COVID -19, including a medical 
device or equipment used or modified for an unapproved use to treat COVID -19 
or to prevent the spread of COVID-19.
c. A medical device or equipment used outside its normal use to treat COVID -19 or 
to prevent the spread of COVID-19.
d. Medication or treatment used to treat or prevent COVID -19, including medication 
or treatment prescribed or dispensed for off -label use to treat or prevent 
COVID-19.
e. A test to diagnose or determine immunity to COVID-19.
9. "Reckless" means conduct engaged in a conscious and clearly unjustifiable disregard 
of a substantial likelihood of the existence of the relevant facts or risks, such disregard 
involving a gross deviation from acceptable standards of conduct.
10. "Unapproved" means not authorized, accredited, or certified by a federal or state 
agency for any other use, purpose, or design.
11. "Willful" means the conduct is engaged in intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly.

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