North Dakota Code § 23-36-03

Enforcement authority
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1. The department, or an agency acting on the department's behalf, may seize and 
euthanize, impound at the owner's expense, or quarantine any animal if the state 
health officer, or the state health officer's designee, has probable cause to believe the 
animal presents clinical signs of rabies.
2. The department, or an agency acting on the department's behalf, may promptly seize 
and euthanize, impound at the owner's expense, or quarantine any wild animal if the 
state health officer, or the state health officer's designee, determines the animal is a 
threat to human life or safety due to the possible exposure of another animal or an 
individual to rabies.
3. For domestic animals, the department may seize and quarantine or confine and 
observe an animal if the animal has bitten or otherwise exposed an individual or has 
been bitten or otherwise exposed to rabies or suspect rabies and the owner is 
unwilling or unable to comply with the department's recommendations. The 
department may seize and euthanize an animal if the animal has bitten or otherwise 
exposed an individual and is exhibiting signs of rabies, as diagnosed by a veterinarian. 
The department may seize, euthanize, or quarantine an animal if the animal was 
exposed to rabies or suspect rabies and never has been vaccinated against rabies 
and the owner is unwilling or unable to comply with the department's 
recommendations.
4. If an animal had died or is killed and there is a possible exposure of another animal or 
an individual to rabies, then at the request of the state health officer, or the state health 
officer's designee, the animal's brain must be tested for rabies by the department or by 
the North Dakota veterinary diagnostic laboratory. The department may seek a 
diagnosis of rabies for farm animals, domestic animals, and wildlife that are suspected 
of having rabies and report findings as appropriate.
5. If an animal that has bitten or otherwise exposed an individual or another animal is not 
seized for testing, a law enforcement officer with jurisdiction over the place where the 
animal is located may determine whether to impound or quarantine the animal under 
subsection 2 and which method of confinement to use.
6. A licensed veterinarian shall examine, at the owner's expense, a confined animal, at 
the request of the department , a local public health unit, or a law enforcement officer 
with jurisdiction over the place where the animal is located.

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