Powers and duties of legislature; home rule powers of local\ngovernments; statute of local governments.\n § 2. (a) The legislature shall provide for the creation and\norganization of local governments in such manner as shall secure to them\nthe rights, powers, privileges and immunities granted to them by this\nconstitution.\n (b) Subject to the bill of rights of local governments and other\napplicable provisions of this constitution, the legislature:\n (1) Shall enact, and may from time to time amend, a statute of local\ngovernments granting to local governments powers including but not\nlimited to those of local legislation and administration in addition to\nthe powers vested in them by this article. A power granted in such\nstatute may be repealed, diminished, impaired or suspended only by\nenactment of a statute by the legislature with the approval of the\ngovernor at its regular session in one calendar year and the\nre-enactment and approval of such statute in the following calendar\nyear.\n (2) Shall have the power to act in relation to the property, affairs\nor government of any local government only by general law, or by special\nlaw only (a) on request of two-thirds of the total membership of its\nlegislative body or on request of its chief executive officer concurred\nin by a majority of such membership, or (b), except in the case of the\ncity of New York, on certificate of necessity from the governor reciting\nfacts which in the judgment of the governor constitute an emergency\nrequiring enactment of such law and, in such latter case, with the\nconcurrence of two-thirds of the members elected to each house of the\nlegislature.\n (3) Shall have the power to confer on local governments powers not\nrelating to their property, affairs or government including but not\nlimited to those of local legislation and administration, in addition to\nthose otherwise granted by or pursuant to this article, and to withdraw\nor restrict such additional powers.\n (c) In addition to powers granted in the statute of local governments\nor any other law, (i) every local government shall have power to adopt\nand amend local laws not inconsistent with the provisions of this\nconstitution or any general law relating to its property, affairs or\ngovernment and, (ii) every local government shall have power to adopt\nand amend local laws not inconsistent with the provisions of this\nconstitution or any general law relating to the following subjects,\nwhether or not they relate to the property, affairs or government of\nsuch local government, except to the extent that the legislature shall\nrestrict the adoption of such a local law relating to other than the\nproperty, affairs or government of such local government:\n (1) The powers, duties, qualifications, number, mode of selection and\nremoval, terms of office, compensation, hours of work, protection,\nwelfare and safety of its officers and employees, except that cities and\ntowns shall not have such power with respect to members of the\nlegislative body of the county in their capacities as county officers.\n (2) In the case of a city, town or village, the membership and\ncomposition of its legislative body.\n (3) The transaction of its business.\n (4) The incurring of its obligations, except that local laws relating\nto financing by the issuance of evidences of indebtedness by such local\ngovernment shall be consistent with laws enacted by the legislature.\n (5) The presentation, ascertainment and discharge of claims against\nit.\n (6) The acquisition, care, management and use of its highways, roads,\nstreets, avenues and property.\n (7) The acquisition of its transit facilities and the ownership and\noperation thereof.\n (8) The levy, collection and administration of local taxes authorized\nby the legislature and of assessments for local improvements, consistent\nwith laws enacted by the legislature.\n (9) The wages or salaries, the hours of work or labor, and the\nprotection,
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