(a) (1) In this section the following words have the meanings indicated. (2) "Law enforcement agency" means a law enforcement agency of a local political subdivision that is authorized to issue a citation for a violation of the Maryland Vehicle Law or of local traffic laws or regulations. (3) (i) "Owner" means the registered owner of a motor vehicle or a lessee of a motor vehicle under a lease of 6 months or more. (ii) "Owner" does not include: 1. A motor vehicle leasing company; or 2. A holder of a special registration plate issued under Title 13, Subtitle 9, Part III of this article. (4) "Recorded image" means images recorded by a school bus monitoring camera: (i) On: 1. Two or more photographs; 2. Two or more microphotographs; 3. Two or more electronic images; 4. Videotape; or 5. Any other medium; and (ii) Showing a motor vehicle and, on at least one image or portion of tape, clearly identifying the registration plate number of the motor vehicle. (5) "School bus monitoring camera" means a camera placed on a school bus that is designed to capture a recorded image of a driver of a motor vehicle committing a violation. (6) "Violation" means a violation of § 21-706 of this subtitle. (b) (1) (i) If a school bus operator witnesses a violation, the operator may promptly report the violation to a law enforcement agency exercising jurisdiction where the violation occurred. (ii) The report, to the extent possible, shall include: 1. Information pertaining to the identity of the alleged violator; 2. The license number and color of the vehicle involved in the violation; 3. The time and location at which the violation occurred; and 4. An identification of the vehicle as an automobile, station wagon, truck, bus, motorcycle, or other type of vehicle. (2) If the identity of the operator of the vehicle at the time the violation occurred cannot be established, the law enforcement agency shall issue to the registered owner of the vehicle, a warning stating: (i) That a report of a violation was made to the law enforcement agency and that the report described the owner's vehicle as the vehicle involved in the violation; (ii) That there is insufficient evidence for the issuance of a citation; (iii) That the warning does not constitute a finding that the owner is guilty of the violation; and (iv) The requirements of § 21-706 of this subtitle. (c) (1) A school bus monitoring camera may not be used in a local jurisdiction under this section unless its use is authorized by the governing body of the local jurisdiction by local law enacted after reasonable notice and a public hearing. (2) If authorized by the governing body of the local jurisdiction, a law enforcement agency, in consultation with the county board of education, may place school bus monitoring cameras on school buses in the county. (d) A recorded image by a school bus monitoring camera under this section indicating that the driver of a motor vehicle has committed a violation shall include: (1) An image of the motor vehicle; (2) An image of at least one of the motor vehicle's registration plates; (3) The time and date of the violation; and (4) To the extent possible, the location of the violation. (e) (1) Unless the driver of the motor vehicle received a citation from a police officer at the time of the violation, the owner or, in accordance with subsection (h)(5) of this section, the driver of a motor vehicle is subject to a civil penalty if the motor vehicle is recorded by a school bus monitoring camera during the commission of a violation. (2) A civil penalty under this subsection may not exceed $500. (3) For purposes of this section, the District Court shall prescribe: (i) A uniform citation form consistent with subsection (f)(1) of this section and § 7-302 of the Courts Article; and (ii) A civil penalty, which shall be indicated on the citation, to be paid by persons who choose to prepay the civil penalty without appearing in District Court. (f) (1) Subject to the provisions of paragraphs (2) through (5) of this subsection, a law enforcement agency shall mail to the owner liable under subsection (e) of this section a citation that shall include: (i) The name and address of the registered owner of the vehicle; (ii) The registration number of the motor vehicle involved in the violation; (iii) The violation charged; (iv) To the extent possible, the location of the violation; (v) The date and time of the violation; (vi) A copy of the recorded image; (vii) The amount of the civil penalty imposed and the date by which the civil penalty must be paid; (viii) A signed statement by a technician employed by the law enforcement agency that, based on inspection of recorded images, the motor vehicle was being operated during the commission of a violation; (ix) A statement that recorded images are evidence of a violation; and (x) Information advising the person alleged to be liable under this section: 1. Of the manner and time in which liability as alleged in the citation may be contested in the District Court; and 2. That failure to pay the civil penalty or to contest liability in a timely manner is an admission of liability and may result in refusal or suspension of the motor vehicle registration. (2) The law enforcement agency may mail a warning notice in place of a citation to the owner liable under subsection (e) of this section. (3) (i) Before mailing a citation to a motor vehicle rental company liable under subsection (e) of this section, a law enforcement agency shall mail a notice to the motor vehicle rental company stating that a citation will be mailed to the motor vehicle rental company unless, within 45 days of receiving the notice, the motor vehicle rental company provides the law enforcement agency with: 1. A statement made under oath that states the name and last known mailing address of the individual driving or renting the motor vehicle when the violation occurred; 2. A. A statement made under oath that states that the motor vehicle rental company is unable to determine who was driving or renting the vehicle at the time the violation occurred because the motor vehicle was stolen at the time of the violation; and B. A copy of the police report associated with the motor vehicle theft claimed under item A of this item; or 3. Payment for the penalty associated with the violation. (ii) A law enforcement agency may not mail a citation to a motor vehicle rental company liable under subsection (e) of this section if the motor vehicle rental company complies with subparagraph (i) of this paragraph. (4) Except as provided in paragraph (3) of this subsection and subsection (h)(5) of this section, a citation issued under this section shall be mailed no later than 2 weeks after the alleged violation. (5) A person who receives a citation under paragraph (1) of this subsection may: (i) Pay the civil penalty, in accordance with instructions on the citation, directly to the county; or (ii) Elect to stand trial for the alleged violation. (6) To mail the citation or warning notice, a law enforcement agency shall use: (i) The current mailing address on file with the Administration; or (ii) If a mailing address is unavailable, the current residential address on file with the Administration. (g) (1) A certificate alleging that a violation occurred, sworn to or affirmed by a duly authorized agent of a law enforcement agency, based on inspection of recorded images produced by a school bus monitoring camera shall be evidence of the facts contained in the certificate and shall be admissible in any proceeding concerning the alleged violation. (2) Adjudication of liability shall be based on a preponderance of evidence. (h) (1) The District Court may consider in defense of a violation: (i) Subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, that the motor vehicle or registration plates of the motor vehicle were stolen before the violation occurred and were not under the control or possession of the owner at the time of the violation; (ii) Subject to paragraph (3) of this subsection, evidence that the person named in the citation was not operating the vehicle at the time of the violation; and (iii) Any other issues and evidence that the District Court deems pertinent. (2) In order to demonstrate that the motor vehicle or the registration plates were stolen before the violation occurred and were not under the control or possession of the owner at the time of the violation, the owner must submit proof that a police report about the stolen motor vehicle or registration plates was filed in a timely manner. (3) To satisfy the evidentiary burden under paragraph (1)(ii) of this subsection, the person named in the citation shall provide to the District Court evidence to the satisfaction of the District Court of who was operating the vehicle at the time of the violation, including, at a minimum, the operator's name and current address. (4) (i) The provisions of this paragraph apply only to a citation that involves a Class E (truck) vehicle with a registered gross weight of 26,001 pounds or more, Class F (tractor) vehicle, Class G (trailer) vehicle operated in combination with a Class F (tractor) vehicle, or Class P (passenger bus) vehicle. (ii) To satisfy the evidentiary burden under paragraph (1)(ii) of this subsection, the person named in a citation described under subparagraph (i) of this paragraph may provide to the District Court a letter, sworn to or affirmed by the person and mailed by certified mail, return receipt requested, that: 1. States that the person named in the citation was not operating the vehicle at the time of the violation; and 2. Provides the name, address, and driver's license identification number of the person who was operating the vehicle at the time of the violation. (5) (i) If the District Court finds that the person named in the citation was not operating the vehicle at the time of the violation or receives evidence under paragraph (4)(ii)2 of this subsection identifying the person driving the vehicle at the time of the violation, the clerk of the court shall provide to the law enforcement agency issuing the citation a copy of any evidence substantiating who was operating the vehicle at the time of the violation. (ii) On the receipt of substantiating evidence from the District Court under subparagraph (i) of this paragraph, the law enforcement agency may issue a citation as provided in subsection (f) of this section to the person that the evidence indicates was operating the vehicle at the time of the violation. (iii) A citation issued under subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph shall be mailed no later than 2 weeks after receipt of the evidence from the District Court. (i) If the civil penalty is not paid and the violation is not contested, the Administration may refuse to register or reregister or may suspend the registration of the motor vehicle. (j) A violation for which a civil penalty is imposed under this section: (1) Is not a moving violation for the purpose of assessing points under § 16-402 of this article and may not be recorded by the Administration on the driving record of the owner or driver of the vehicle; (2) May be treated as a parking violation for purposes of § 26-305 of this article; and (3) May not be considered in the provision of motor vehicle insurance coverage. (k) (1) In consultation with law enforcement agencies, the Chief Judge of the District Court shall adopt procedures for the issuance of citations, trials for violations, and the collection of civil penalties imposed under this section. (2) The standards and requirements for the use, processing, and disposal of recorded images and associated data established under § 12-113.1 of this article apply to citations issued under this section.
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