(a) In this subtitle the following words have the meanings indicated. (b) (1) "Algorithmic decision system" means a computational process that facilitates decision making. (2) "Algorithmic decision system" includes decisions derived from machines, statistics, facial recognition, and decisions on paper. (c) "Artificial intelligence" means a machine-based system that: (1) can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments; (2) uses machine and human-based inputs to perceive real and virtual environments and abstracts those perceptions into models through analysis in an automated manner; and (3) uses model inference to formulate options for information or action. (d) (1) "High-risk artificial intelligence" means artificial intelligence that is a risk to individuals or communities, as defined under regulations adopted by the Department in consultation with the Governor's Artificial Intelligence Subcabinet. (2) "High-risk artificial intelligence" includes rights-impacting artificial intelligence and safety-impacting artificial intelligence. (e) "Impact assessment" means an assessment of artificial intelligence systems made under regulations adopted by the Department in consultation with the Governor's Artificial Intelligence Subcabinet and required under § 3.5-803 of this subtitle. (f) "Public senior higher education institution" means: (1) the constituent institutions of the University System of Maryland and the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science; (2) Morgan State University; or (3) St. Mary's College of Maryland. (g) "Rights-impacting artificial intelligence" means artificial intelligence whose output serves as a basis for decision or action that is significantly likely to affect civil rights, civil liberties, equal opportunities, access to critical resources, or privacy. (h) "Safety-impacting artificial intelligence" means artificial intelligence that has the potential to significantly impact the safety of human life, well-being, or critical infrastructure.
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