As used in this subchapter: 1. “Affiliate”means a person that directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with another person or is a senior executive of such person. For purposes of section 490.1302, subsection 2, paragraph “d”, a person is deemed to be an affiliate of its senior executives. 2. “Corporation” means the domestic corporation that is the issuer of the shares held by a shareholder demanding appraisal and, for matters covered in sections 490.1322 through 490.1331, “corporation” includes the survivor of a merger. 3. “Fair value” means the value of the corporation’s shares determined according to the following: a. Immediately before the effectiveness of the corporate action to which the shareholder objects. b. Using customary and current valuation concepts and techniques generally employed for similar businesses in the context of the transaction requiring appraisal. c. Without discounting for lack of marketability or minority status except, if appropriate, for amendments to the articles of incorporation pursuant to section 490.1302, subsection 1, paragraph “d”. 4. “Interest” means interest from the date the corporate action becomes effective until the date of payment, at the rate of interest on judgments in this state on the effective date of the corporate action. 5. “Interested transaction” means a corporate action described in section 490.1302, subsection 1, other than a merger pursuant to section 490.1105, involving an interested person in which any of the shares or assets of the corporation are being acquired or converted. As used in this subsection: a. “Beneficial owner” means any person who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, or understanding, other than a revocable proxy, has or shares the power to vote, or to direct the voting of, shares; except that a member of a national securities exchange isnot deemed to be a beneficial owner of securities held directly or indirectly by iton behalf of another person if the member isprecluded by the rules of the exchange from voting without instruction on contested matters or matters that may affect substantially the rights or privileges of the holders of the securities to be voted. When two or more persons agree to act together for the purpose of voting their shares of the corporation, each member of the group formed thereby is deemed to have acquired beneficial ownership, as of the date of the agreement, of all shares having voting power of the corporation beneficially owned by any member of the group. b. “Excluded shares” means shares acquired pursuant to an offer for all shares having voting power if the offer was made within one year before the corporate action for consideration of the same kind and of a value equal to or less than that paid in connection with the corporate action. c. “Interested person” means a person, or an affiliate of a person, who at any time during the one-year period immediately precedingapproval by theboard ofdirectors of thecorporate action was or had any of the following: (1) Was the beneficial owner of twenty percent or more of the voting power of the corporation, other than as owner of excluded shares. (2) Had the power, contractually or otherwise, other than as owner of excluded shares, to cause the appointment or election oftwenty-five percent or more of the directors to the board of directors of the corporation. (3) Was a senior executive or director of the corporation or a senior executive of any affiliateof the corporation, and that senior executive or director will receive, as a result of the corporate action, a financial benefit not generally available to other shareholders as such, other than any of the following: (a) Employment, consulting, retirement, or similar benefits established separately and not as part of or in contemplation of the corporate action. (b) Employment, consulting, retirement, or similar benefits established in contemplation of,oras part of, the corporate action thatare not more favorable than those existing before the corporate action or,if more favorable, that have been approved on behalf of the corporation in the same manner as is provided in section 490.862. (c) In the case of a director of the corporation who will, in the corporate action, become a director or governor of the acquiror or any of its affiliates,rights, and benefits as a director or governor that are provided on the same basis as those afforded by the acquiror generally to other directors or governors of such entity or such affiliate. 6. “Preferred shares”means a class or series ofshares whose holders have preference over any other class or series of shares with respect to distributions. 7. “Senior executive” means the chief executive officer, chief operating officer, chief financial officer, and any individual in charge of a principal business unit or function. 8. “Shareholder” means a record shareholder, a beneficial shareholder, and a voting trust beneficial owner. 1023, §157; 2013 Acts, ch 31, §50, 82; 2014 Acts, ch 1001, §1; 2019 Acts, ch 24, §104; 2021 Acts, ch 165, §158, 230
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