(1) In accordance with section 39-21-304 (1), which requires each bill that creates a new tax expenditure to include a tax preference performance statement as part of a statutory legislative declaration, the general assembly hereby finds and declares that: (a) The general legislative purposes of the tax credit allowed by this section are: (I) To induce certain designated behavior by taxpayers, specifically the provision of alternative transportation options by employers to employees; and (II) To provide tax relief for certain employers that provide alternative transportation options to their employees; (b) The specific legislative purpose of the tax credit allowed by this section is to increase the use of alternative transportation options by employees in going to and returning from their places of employment by providing an incentive to employers to provide alternative transportation options to employees. In order to allow the general assembly and the state auditor to measure the effectiveness of the credit, the department of revenue, when administering the credit, shall require each employer that claims the credit to provide, at a minimum, information about the specific alternative transportation options offered, the number of employees offered an alternative transportation option, and, to the extent feasible, the number of employees actually using an alternative transportation option and the number of trips taken by employees using an alternative transportation option. (2) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires: (a) "Alternative transportation options" means free or partially subsidized generally accepted transportation demand management strategies provided to employees working in Colorado, including but not limited to ridesharing arrangements, provision of ridesharing vans or low-speed conveyances such as human-powered or electric bicycles, shared micromobility options such as bikesharing and electric scooter sharing programs, car sharing programs, and guaranteed ride home programs for employees, including, but not limited to: (I) Providing vehicles for ridesharing arrangements; (II) Cash incentives, not to exceed the value of such transportation demand management strategies, including for participation in ridesharing or bikesharing; (III) The payment of all or part of the administrative cost incurred in organizing, establishing, or administering alternative transportation options programs for employees; (IV) Free or partially subsidized mass transit tickets, tokens, passes, or fares for use by employees in going to and returning from their places of employment; and (V) Free or partially subsidized prearranged rides, as defined in section 40-10.1-602 (2), or free or partially subsidized rides provided by bikesharing arrangements for use by an employee in traveling between the employee's residence, the employee's place of employment, or a mass transit facility that connects the employee to the employee's residence or place of employment. (b) "Bikesharing arrangement" means a rental operation at which bicycles, as defined in section 42-1-102 (10); electrical assisted bicycles, as defined in section 42-1-102 (28.5); or electric scooters, as defined in section 42-1-102 (28.8), are made available to pick up and drop off for point-to-point use within a defined geographic area. (c) "Employer" means an entity, including but not limited to a corporation, nonprofit organization, partnership, joint venture, common trust fund, limited association, pool or working agreement, local government, or limited liability company, that employs three or more persons in this state. (d) "Local government" means any home rule city, town, or city and county, or statutory city or town. (e) "Ridesharing arrangement" means the vehicular transportation of passengers traveling together primarily to and from such passengers' places of business or work or traveling together on a regularly scheduled basis with a commonality of purposes if the vehicle used in such transportation is not operated for profit by an entity primarily engaged in the transportation business and if no charge is made therefor other than that reasonably calculated to recover the direct and indirect costs of the "ridesharing arrangement", including, but not limited to, a reasonable incentive to maximize occupancy of the vehicle. However, nothing in this subsection (2)(e) excludes from this definition an arrangement by an employer engaged in the transportation business that provides ridesharing arrangements for its employees. "Ridesharing" includes "ridesharing arrangements" commonly known as carpools and vanpools, but does not include school transportation vehicles operated by elementary and secondary schools when they are operated for the transportation of children to or from school or on school-related events. (3) (a) For income tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2023, but before January 1, 2027, there is allowed a credit to each employer in an amount equal to fifty percent of the amount spent by the employer to provide alternative transportation options to its employees, subject to the limitations that the maximum amount spent in any income tax year for which an employer may claim a credit is two hundred fifty thousand dollars and that the maximum amount spent in any income tax year for any one employee for which an employer may claim a credit is two thousand dollars. (b) (I) For income tax years commencing before January 1, 2024, a local government or nonprofit organization shall file a corporate income tax return for informational purposes for each income tax year that the local government or nonprofit organization claims the credit allowed in subsection (3)(a) of this section. (II) For income tax years commencing on or after January 1, 2024, but before January 1, 2025, a local government or nonprofit organization that claims the credit allowed in subsection (3)(a) of this section shall file a return pursuant to section 39-22-601 (7)(b). (c) As a prerequisite for claiming a credit, an employer shall provide to the department, on a form provided by the department or otherwise in such form as the department may require and by an annual deadline specified by the department, its plan for notifying its employees of the availability of the alternative transportation options that it offers and the steps beyond such notification that it plans to take to encourage employees to use those alternative transportation options. (d) An employer may claim a credit only for amounts spent by the employer for alternative transportation options that it makes available to all of its employees who are employed in Colorado; except that, if it is not feasible to offer a particular alternative transportation option to certain employees, an employer may offer a substantially equivalent alternative transportation option to such employees. The requirement that an alternative transportation option be offered to all employees who are employed in Colorado applies regardless of the position that an employee holds, whether the employee is employed on a full- time or part-time basis, or whether an employee is salaried, compensated in whole or in part through commissions or tips, or paid on an hourly basis. (4) The amount of any credit allowed under this section that exceeds the employer's income taxes due is refunded to the employer. (5) The executive director may prescribe forms and promulgate rules as necessary to administer this section. (6) This section is repealed, effective January 1, 2031.
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