Colorado Code § 37-91-102

Definitions
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As used in this article 91, unless the context otherwise requires:
(1) and (2) Repealed.
(3) "Board" means the state board of examiners of water well construction and pump
installation contractors created by section 37-91-103.
(4) "Construction of wells" means any act undertaken at the well site for the
establishment or modification of a well, including, without limitation, the location of the well
and the excavation or fracturing thereof but not including surveying or other acts preparatory
thereto, site preparation and modification or site modification, or the installation of pumping
equipment.
(4.5) "Dewatering well" includes any excavation that is drilled, cored, bored, washed,
fractured, driven, dug, jetted, or otherwise constructed when the intended use of such excavation
is for temporary dewatering purposes for construction only.
(4.7) "Directly employed" means engaged in employment where the employer is
responsible for and directly controls the performance of the employee, and, where applicable, the
employee is covered by workers' compensation and unemployment compensation. "Directly
employed" does not refer to independent contractors or subcontractors.
(5) and (6) Repealed.
(7) "Groundwater" means any water not visible on the surface of the ground under
natural conditions.
(8) "Installation of pumping equipment" means the selection, placement, and preparation
for operation of pumping equipment, including all construction involved in entering the well and
establishing well seals and safeguards to protect groundwater from contamination.
(9) Repealed.
(10) "License" means the document issued by the board to qualified persons making
application therefor, pursuant to section 37-91-105, authorizing such persons to engage in one or
more methods of well construction or pump installation or any combination of such methods.
(10.5) "Monitoring and observation well" includes any excavation that is drilled, cored,
bored, washed, fractured, driven, dug, jetted, or otherwise constructed when the intended use of
such excavation is for locating such well, pumping equipment or aquifer testing, monitoring
groundwater, or collection of water quality samples.
(11) Repealed.
(11.5) "Person" means an individual, a partnership, a corporation, a municipality, the
state, the United States, or any other legal entity, public or private.
(12) "Private driller" means any individual, corporation, partnership, association,
political subdivision, or public agency that uses equipment owned by it to dig, drill, redrill, case,
recase, deepen, or excavate a well entirely for its own use upon property owned by it.
(12.5) "Private pump installer" means any individual, corporation, partnership,
association, political subdivision, or public agency that uses equipment owned by it to install
pumping equipment on a well entirely for its own use on property owned by it.
(13) "Pumping equipment" means any pump or related equipment used or intended for
use in withdrawing or obtaining groundwater, including, but not limited to, well seals, pitless
adapters, and other safeguards to protect the groundwater from contamination and any waterlines
up to and including the pressure tank and any coupling appurtenant thereto.
(14) "Pump installation contractor" means any person licensed to install, remove,
modify, or repair pumping equipment for compensation.
(15) "Repair" means any change, replacement, or other alteration of any well or pumping
equipment which requires a breaking or opening of the well seal or any waterlines up to and
including the pressure tank and any coupling appurtenant thereto.
(15.5) "Supervision" means personal and continuous on-the-site direction by a licensed
well construction contractor or licensed pump installation contractor, unless the licensed
contractor has applied for and received from the board an exemption from continuous on-the-site
direction for a specific task.
(15.7) "Test hole" includes any excavation that is drilled, cored, bored, washed,
fractured, driven, dug, jetted, or otherwise constructed when the intended use of such excavation
is for geotechnical, geophysical, or geologic investigation or soil- or rock-sampling.
(16) (a) "Well" for the purpose of this article means any test hole or other excavation
that is drilled, cored, bored, washed, fractured, driven, dug, jetted, or otherwise constructed for
the purpose of location, monitoring, dewatering, observation, diversion, artificial recharge, or
acquisition of groundwater for beneficial use or for conducting pumping equipment or aquifer
tests.
(b) (I) "Well" does not include:
(A) Certain types of monitoring and observation wells, dewatering wells, and test holes
that the board specifies in rules in order to allow for their construction, utilization, and
abandonment by other than a well construction contractor;
(B) An excavation made for the purpose of obtaining or prospecting for minerals or
those wells subject to the jurisdiction of the energy and carbon management commission, as
provided in article 60 of title 34; or
(C) Wells subject to the jurisdiction of the office of mined land reclamation, as provided
in article 33 of title 34.
(II) "Well" does not include a naturally flowing spring or springs where the natural
spring discharge is captured or concentrated by installation of a near-surface structure or device
less then ten feet in depth located at or within fifty feet of the spring or springs' natural discharge
point and the water is conveyed directly by gravity flow or into a separate sump or storage, if the
owner obtains a water right for such structure or device as a spring pursuant to article 92 of this
title.
(17) "Well construction contractor" means any person licensed pursuant to this article
and responsible for the construction, test-pumping, or development of wells, either by contract or
for hire or for any consideration whatsoever.
(18) "Well seal" means an approved arrangement or device used to cover a well or to
establish and maintain a junction between the casing or curbing of a well and the piping or
equipment installed therein, the purpose or function of which is to prevent contaminated water or
other material from entering the well at the upper terminal.

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