Colorado Code § 35-28-109

When marketing order effective
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(1) No marketing agreement or
amendments thereto, directly affecting handlers, issued pursuant to this article, shall become
effective unless and until the commissioner finds that such agreement has been assented to in
writing by the handlers engaged in the operation covered by the marketing agreement who
handle not less than fifty percent of the volume of the commodity covered thereby which is
processed or distributed within the area defined in such agreement and by not less than fifty
percent of the number of such handlers engaged in the operation covered by such agreement.
(2) (a) No marketing order or amendments thereto directly affecting producers shall
become effective unless and until the commissioner determines that the issuance of such order is
approved and favored by at least two-thirds of the producers who participated in a referendum on
the question of its approval, and who, during such representative period, have produced for
market the commodities specified therein in commercial quantities within the production area
specified in such marketing agreement or order, and who, during such respective period, have
produced at least two-thirds of the volume voted of such commodity sold within the marketing
area specified in such marketing agreement or order. This paragraph (a) shall not apply to
marketing orders which contain provisions for refunds of assessments as provided in section 35-
28-113.5.
(b) Except as provided in section 35-28-113 (3) and notwithstanding paragraph (a) of
this subsection (2), no marketing order or amendments thereto directly affecting producers of
wheat shall become effective unless or until the commissioner determines that the issuance of
such order is approved and favored by at least two-thirds of the producers of wheat who
participated in a referendum. For purposes of this provision, a "producer of wheat" means a
person who harvested or intends to harvest in any manner in excess of fifteen acres of wheat and
who is entitled to share in the proceeds of such wheat crop as owner-operator, cash tenant,
standing rent or fixed rent tenant, landlord of a share tenant, share tenant, or sharecropper in the
calendar year determined by the commissioner to be representative for purposes of voting
approval. Wheat acreage placed in the federal soil bank program shall be regarded as wheat
acreage for this purpose.
(c) Repealed.
(3) Any order issued pursuant to this section shall become effective in the event that,
notwithstanding the refusal or failure of handlers of more than fifty percent of the volume of the
commodity or product thereof covered by such order which is produced or marketed within the
production or marketing area defined in such order to sign a marketing agreement relating to
such commodity or product thereof, on which a hearing has been held, the commissioner of
agriculture, with the approval of the governor, determines:
(a) That the refusal or failure to sign a marketing agreement, by the handlers of more
than fifty percent of the volume of the commodity or product thereof specified therein which is
produced or marketed within the production or marketing area specified therein, tends to prevent
the effectuation of the declared policy of this article with respect to such commodity or product;
and
(b) That the issuance of such order is the only practical means of advancing the interests
of the producers of such commodity pursuant to the declared policy, and is approved or favored
by at least two-thirds of the producers who participated in a referendum on the question of its
approval and who, during a representative period determined by the commissioner, have been
engaged, within the production area specified in such marketing agreement or order, in the
production for market of the commodity specified therein, or who, during such representative
period, have been engaged in the marketing area specified in such marketing agreement or order;
and by producers who, during such representative period, have produced for market at least two-
thirds of the volume voted of such commodity produced for market within the production area
specified in such marketing agreement or order, or who, during such representative period, have
produced at least two-thirds of the volume voted of such commodity sold within the marketing
area specified in such marketing agreement or order.
(c) Notwithstanding paragraph (b) of this subsection (3), approval of a marketing order
affecting wheat must be approved or favored by at least two-thirds of the producers of wheat
who participated in a referendum on the question of its approval. For purposes of this paragraph
(c), a "producer of wheat" means a person who harvested or intends to harvest in any manner in
excess of fifteen acres of wheat and who is entitled to share in the proceeds of such wheat crop
as owner-operator, cash tenant, standing rent or fixed rent tenant, landlord of a share tenant,
share tenant, or sharecropper in the calendar year for purposes of voting approval. Wheat
acreage placed in the federal soil bank program shall be regarded as wheat acreage for this
purpose.
(4) In finding whether such order is assented to pursuant to the provisions of this article,
the commissioner may consider the expression of any nonprofit agricultural cooperative
marketing association which is authorized by its members to so express the approval or
disapproval of the producers who are members of, or stockholders in, such nonprofit agricultural
cooperative marketing association.

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