(a) (1) Except as provided in subdivision (b) or if otherwise exempt, every individual, as a condition of eligibility for aid under this chapter, shall participate in welfare-to-work activities under this article. (2) Individuals eligible under Section 11331.5 shall be required to participate in the Cal-Learn Program under Article 3.5 (commencing with Section 11331) in lieu of the welfare-to-work requirements, and subdivision (b) shall not apply to that individual. (b) The following individuals shall not be required to participate for so long as the condition continues to exist: (1) An individual under 16 years of age. (2) (A) A child attending an elementary, secondary, vocational, or technical school on a full-time basis. (B) A person who is 16 or 17 years of age who has obtained a high school diploma or its equivalent and is enrolled or is planning to enroll in a postsecondary education, vocational, or technical school training program shall not be required to participate for so long as the condition continues to exist. (C) For purposes of subparagraph (B), a person shall be deemed to be planning to enroll in a postsecondary education, vocational, or technical school training program if the person or the personâs parent, acting on the personâs behalf, submits a written statement expressing the personâs intent to enroll in a program for the following term. The exemption from participation shall not continue beyond the beginning of the term, unless verification of enrollment is provided or obtained by the county. (3) An individual who meets either of the following conditions: (A) The individual is disabled as determined by a doctorâs verification that the disability is expected to last at least 30 days and that it significantly impairs the recipientâs ability to be regularly employed or participate in welfare-to-work activities, provided that the individual is actively seeking appropriate medical treatment. (B) The individual is of advanced age. (4) A nonparent caretaker relative who has primary responsibility for providing care for a child and is either caring for a child who is a dependent or ward of the court or caring for a child in a case in which a county determines the child is at risk of placement in foster care, and the county determines that the caretaking responsibilities are beyond those considered normal day-to-day parenting responsibilities such that they impair the caretaker relativeâs ability to be regularly employed or to participate in welfare-to-work activities. (5) An individual whose presence in the home is required because of illness or incapacity of another member of the household and whose caretaking responsibilities impair the recipientâs ability to be regularly employed or to participate in welfare-to-work activities. (6) A parent or other relative who meets the criteria in subparagraph (A) or (B). (A) (i) The parent or other relative has primary responsibility for personally providing care to a child six months of age or under, except that, on a case-by-case basis, and based on criteria developed by the county, this period may be reduced to the first 12 weeks after the birth or adoption of the child, or increased to the first 12 months after the birth or adoption of the child. An individual may be exempt only once under this clause. (ii) An individual that received an exemption pursuant to clause (i) shall be exempt for a period of 12 weeks, upon the birth or adoption of any subsequent children, except that this period may be extended on a case-by-case basis to six months, based on criteria developed by the county. (iii) In making the determination to extend the period of exception under clause (i) or (ii), the following may be considered: (I) The availability of childcare. (II) Local labor market conditions. (III) Other factors determined by the county. (iv) Effective January 1, 2013, the parent or other relative has primary responsibility for personally providing care to one child fro
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