(a) For the purposes of this section: (1) âDeadly forceâ means any use of force that creates a substantial risk of causing death or serious bodily injury. Deadly force includes, but is not limited to, the discharge of a firearm. (2) âExcessive forceâ means a level of force that is found to have violated Section 835a of the Penal Code, the requirements on the use of force required by this section, or any other law or statute. (3) âFeasibleâ means reasonably capable of being done or carried out under the circumstances to successfully achieve the arrest or lawful objective without increasing risk to the officer or another person. (4) âIntercedeâ includes, but is not limited to, physically stopping the excessive use of force, recording the excessive force, if equipped with a body-worn camera, and documenting efforts to intervene, efforts to de-escalate the offending officerâs excessive use of force, and confronting the offending officer about the excessive force during the use of force and, if the officer continues, reporting to dispatch or the watch commander on duty and stating the offending officerâs name, unit, location, time, and situation, in order to establish a duty for that officer to intervene. (5) âLaw enforcement agencyâ means any police department, sheriffâs department, district attorney, county probation department, transit agency police department, school district police department, the police department of any campus of the University of California, the California State University, or community college, the Department of the California Highway Patrol, the Department of Fish and Wildlife, and the Department of Justice. (6) âRetaliationâ means demotion, failure to promote to a higher position when warranted by merit, denial of access to training and professional development opportunities, denial of access to resources necessary for an officer to properly perform their duties, or intimidation, harassment, or the threat of injury while on duty or off duty. (b) Each law enforcement agency shall, by no later than January 1, 2021, maintain a policy that provides a minimum standard on the use of force. Each agencyâs policy shall include all of the following: (1) A requirement that officers utilize de-escalation techniques, crisis intervention tactics, and other alternatives to force when feasible. (2) A requirement that an officer may only use a level of force that they reasonably believe is proportional to the seriousness of the suspected offense or the reasonably perceived level of actual or threatened resistance. (3) A requirement that officers immediately report potential excessive force to a superior officer when present and observing another officer using force that the officer believes to be beyond that which is necessary, as determined by an objectively reasonable officer under the circumstances based upon the totality of information actually known to the officer. (4) A prohibition on retaliation against an officer who reports a suspected violation of a law or regulation by another officer to a supervisor or other person at the law enforcement agency who has the authority to investigate the violation. (5) Clear and specific guidelines regarding situations in which officers may or may not draw a firearm or point a firearm at a person. (6) A requirement that officers consider their surroundings and potential risks to bystanders, to the extent reasonable under the circumstances, before discharging a firearm. (7) Procedures for disclosing public records in accordance with Section 832.7. (8) Procedures for the filing, investigation, and reporting of citizen complaints regarding use of force incidents. (9) A requirement that an officer intercede when present and observing another officer using force that is clearly beyond that which is necessary, as determined by an objectively reasonable officer under the circumstances, taking into account the possibility that other officers may have addi
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